通過程序實現刑法解釋的正當性

罪刑法定的司法實現，關鍵在於適用刑法時正當地解釋刑法文本。刑法解釋的正當性，其實現途徑不是單一的，而是綜合的。解釋目標、解釋立場、解釋限度、解釋位階等實體路徑只是宏觀地為解釋刑法提供一個原則性指引，並不當然帶來解釋結論的正當性。要保證解釋結論的正當性，除實體因素外，還必須引入程序因素，實現控訴方、被告人、陪審員、司法者等之間充分的對話溝通。此外，司法者還應當秉承人權保障的價值理念，堅持形式理性優先和法律存疑時有刺於被告人原則。

關鍵字

罪刑法定原則；刑法解釋；不確定性；正當性；理性論辯

並列摘要

The key to realize the principle of legality is to interpret criminal law legitimately when settling criminal cases, and its way is not singular but plural. The substantive interpretation doctrine only sketches out a general picture though its objective, standpoint, limit and sequence. In order to attain the legitimacy of interpretation, procedural method should be considered as well as substantive method. That is, the prosecutor, the accused, the juror, and the judge should communicate and exchange respective legal opinion effectively and adequately. Besides, if the meaning of a word is ambiguous, the judge should give priority to formal rationality and interpret it in favor of the accused and alwsys keep the idea of protecting human rights in his mind.