論意見裁判主義：以訴調對接的事實基礎為例

訴調對接機制在多元化糾紛解決機制的背景下可能具有資訊整合和制度創新功能。訴調對接尤其是作為訴調對接典型形式的訴訟調解從來不否認「事實清楚、分清是非」的正當性和可能性。訴調對接的事實基礎是以當事人單方或者雙方對證據進行初步加工而形成的關於事實的意見為前提。這樣的意見既可能作為證據資料也可能作為證明標準。前者以提倡事實證明權、司法權的社會化本質為理論基礎，體現了意見作為穿行於訴訟和調解程序之間的通行證功能；後者以強調似真推理的法律方法論和調解協議的合同本質為理論基礎，體現了意見作為支撐辯論邏輯和傳遞法律效力的感測器功能。由此可見，在訴調對接機制中證據裁判主義讓位於一種無需證據的證明－意見裁判主義。

關鍵字

意見裁判主義；無需證據的證明；通行證功能；感測器功能

並列摘要

The Connection System of Litigation with Mediation (CSLM) may have the function of message integrations and mechanic innovations under the background of multiple system of dispute settlement. CSLM, especially its typical form, the lawsuit mediation have never denounced the justification and possibility of the principle of fact clearance and distinction right from wrong. The fact foundation of CSLM takes the premise of factual opinion which is the result of pretreatment to evidence by the parties unilateral or bilateral. Such opinion may be used as evidentiary materials or as proof standard. As evidentiary materials, opinion using as a passport from and to the procedures of litigation and mediation which is backed by the advocacy of proof right and socialization of judicial power; and as proof standard, opinion using as a transmitter to support dialectal argumentation and to deliver the legal force which is backed by the highlight on plausible reasoning and the contractual essence of mediation agreement. In a word, it brings about a theoretical revolution to evidence law that the evidence-judging doctrine gives place to proof without evidence-the opinion-judging doctrine in CSLM.