探討注意力不足過動症（ADHD）兒童與青少年之主要照顧者親職壓力之調查研究

本研究旨在了解注意力不足過動症（ADHD）兒童及青少年之主要照顧者親職壓力的相關因素。研究對象為經兒童心智科醫師診斷為0－18歲的注意力不足過動症兒童及青少年之主要照顧者，有效樣本數為215位。研究工具包括短版親職壓力量表，問卷調查資料分別以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢驗和單因子變異數分析。結果顯示主要照顧者的整體親職壓力會因其信仰狀況、自覺健康狀況和孩子疾病診斷有顯著差異；主要照顧者的親職愁苦方面會因其有無職業、目前是否患有疾病、自覺健康狀況和孩子疾病診斷有顯著差異；主要照顧者的親子互動失調方面會因其信仰狀況、目前是否患有疾病、自覺健康狀況和孩子學歷有顯著差異；主要照顧者的難養育孩童方面會因其自覺健康狀況、是否加入病友團體和孩子疾病診斷有顯著差異。研究結果可以提供改善主要照顧者親職壓力的策略參考。

關鍵字

注意力不足過動症；主要照顧者；親職壓力

並列摘要

The aim of this study was to explore the factors related parenting stress among the primary caregivers of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children and adolescents. A total of 215 primary caregivers for ADHD children aged 0 to 18 years diagnosed by a pediatric psychiatrist took part of this study. The effective sample size was 215. The Parenting Stress Index-Short Form was used to assess the stress level. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to answer the research questions. The results showed that the overall parenting stress of the primary caregivers was significantly different due to their religion status, perceived health status and child's diagnosis. The primary caregivers' parenting distress was significantly different due to their employment status, current health condition, perceived health status, and child's diagnosis. The primary caregiver's parent-child interaction disorder was significantly different due to their religion status, current health condition, perceived health status, and child's education level. The primary caregivers' difficulty of children was significantly different depending on their perceived health condition, whether to join a patient's support group, and child's diagnosis. The results of the study provide strategic references for reducing the parenting stress for the primary caregivers of ADHD children and adolescents.