鞍馬單手支撐仰轉360°動作之技術分析：以蕭才智選手為例

本研究目的在探討鞍馬運動過程，選手實施的單手支撐仰轉360°動作。研究方法採用高速攝影機(JVC-9800; 60Hz)以APAS運動影像系統進行分析，使用MRI法建立之個人化人體肢段參數，將實施動作過程分為七個位置點，個案分析並探討蕭才智選手在鞍馬上完成單手支撐仰轉360°動作的運動現象及影響動作完成的因素。本研究結果如下：一、動作過程至第四位置（右手離鞍）開始進行單手支撐仰轉360°時，支撐臂的肩關節必須維持縮小的狀態，方能有效控制全旋的速度及身體的位移。二、單手支撐仰轉360°動作的肩關節角度與角速度兩者之間有其關聯性，成功動作由第四位置（右手離鞍）時肩關節角度呈現緊縮狀態時，角速度亦有減緩的趨勢，此一現象有助於選手成功完成單手支撐仰轉360°動作。三、失敗動作在單手支撐仰轉期的垂直速度與合速度有明顯增加之趨勢，導致身體重心高度出現明顯下降。四、動作在第一～第二位置及第五～第六位置時，蕭才智巧妙運用縮小肩、髖關節角度的技術使動作得以順利進行，但是以支撐臂為旋轉軸心的軀幹肢段旋轉半徑幅度受到影響，導致轉動貫量數值降低。

關鍵字

競技體操；鞍馬；單手支撐仰轉360°動作

並列摘要

This study analyzed kehr with 1/1 turn on 1 pommel. The data was collected by a JVC9800 digital video camera (60 Hz). The kinematics analyses were made by the Ariel Performance Analysis System. Moreover, the individual human body segment parameters were established by the MRI method. The subject had done his best performance during the experiment and set up 7 specific positions for analysis. The results were as follows. First, when the subject used one arm to support his body weight and turns 360° from the 4(superscript th) position, the minimum shoulder angle was critical. This would improve the circle speed and body displacement for more control. Second, the successful movement indicated a relationship between the shoulder's angle and the angular velocity. The subject showed that maintaining the minimum shoulder's angle decreased the angular velocity from the 4(superscript th) position to the end. Third, the failed movement had increased the vertical velocity and the combination velocity during the one-arm support phase, due to sudden decrease of the height of the lower segment and the center of mass. Fourth, from 1(superscript st) posture to 2(superscript nd) posture and from 5(superscript th) posture to posture, the subject reduced the shoulder joint angle and the hip joint angle to make the performance smoothly and successfully. This technique would reduce the rotation radius and decrease the inertia value.

並列關鍵字

artistic gymnastics ； pommel horse ； kehr with 1/1 turn on 1 pommel

參考文獻

陳光輝(2006)。我國男子競技體操鞍矚項目的回顧與展望。大專體育。82，169-174。

Ho, W. H.,Shiang, T. Y.,Lee, C. C.(2003).XIXth International Society of Biomechanics.The study of body segmental parameters of Asian adult from magnetic resonance imaging.(The study of body segmental parameters of Asian adult from magnetic resonance imaging).:

Google Scholar

Ho, W. H.,Shiang, T. Y.,Lee, C. C.(2003).The study of body segmental parameters of Asian adult from magnetic resonance imaging.XIXth International Society of Biomechanics, New Zealand, Dunedin, Otago University, July 6-11.(XIXth International Society of Biomechanics, New Zealand, Dunedin, Otago University, July 6-11).,未出版.