摘要
本文是基於佛教的觀點，而針對地球環境生態及人類整體未來進化的問題，提出前瞻性及創新性跨領域（哲學、佛學、基因科技）的分析論述。佛教主張「生命的本質是苦的」（苦諦），因此我們才需要滅斷輪迴而解脫得涅槃。不過，長期以來，大多數佛教學者的苦諦文章大都側重於文獻的詮釋或整理，而較無創新性的建構觀點。雖然，傅偉勳的創新性呼籲是針對佛教倫理的，但對佛學其它領域也應該適用。所以本文的目的是想回應這個問題：苦諦，再來呢？雖然佛陀早已提出四聖諦的解決答案，但其前提依然是建立在目前人類有身體的狀態之下。所以，我們是否能有創意性的方案，以減輕生命（及身體）的苦本質，而較易達成解脫得涅槃？此外，再加上對人類整體（或佛教）發展方向及未來的擔憂，在審視過四種人類發展的可能性後，提出一個佛教人類進化的觀點：人類應該往「光人」（「以光之能量狀態而存有者」）的方向進化。同時，我們也結合佛教與西方的想法，提出一個如何可能達成進化的創意機制。不過，這樣的倡議會有三個可能的擔憂及兩個問題。文中會針對這些疑慮及問題，各自提出詳盡的回應。
並列摘要
This is a multidisciplinary and analytic research about genetics, environment, and human evolution given the Buddhist view. The Buddha says that since life is intrinsically suffering (the First Noble Truth), we need to cease saṃsāra and obtain nirvana. However, most of the Buddhist scholars have focused on the interpretation or compilation of the First Noble Truth rather than its innovation. Although Wei-Hsun Fu's innovative appeal is for Buddhist ethics, it should be applied to other areas of Buddhism as well. So we try to answer this question: we have the First Noble Truth, then what?Even though the Buddha has offered the solution of the Four Noble Truths to attain nirvana, his reply still assumes that we have a physical body. Therefore, given the First Noble Truth, is there an easier and innovative way to terminate the physical suffering of humans? Besides worrying about the future of human beings and after reviewing four possibilities of human future, we recommend a Buddhist evolutional view: human beings should evolve toward light beings that exist in a form of light energy. Furthermore, we also present a creative mechanism for this evolution. Finally, we will explain three concerns and explore two problems for this proposal.
延伸閱讀
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