中醫是哲學不是科學

Chinese Medicine Is Philosophy, Not Science

楊中傑(Zhongjie Yang)

《佛學與科學》 22卷1期 (2021/03) Pp. 9-22

摘要

中醫是否科學爭議千秋。本文指出其間之關係：中醫學源於中國古典哲學，發揚、傳承於中國各類醫典及道佛古籍。查其核心理論｢陰陽五行、經絡穴道、氣｣，及各類療法與中藥，均法於天然，道法自然；非發明創造，盡屬發現；且均就基本哲理直接應用，無前因道理，法爾如是。而科學則是就其基本哲理往後之推演與運算，可不斷發明創作，因果分明，但有邊界：限於其哲學原理或定律之範疇；隱示哲學乃科學之母？故中醫少有分科，而科學（比如西醫）分科龐大。科學由物理起源，著眼有形界唯物面之解讀；中醫｢形神合一｣、｢經絡與氣｣乃深入無形界心靈層次的發揮，除為西方心理醫學大師所推崇，本文另點出科學實無法脫離心靈，以及其偏於唯物，也達不到完全重複律之迷思。科學定義中醫｢非科學｣其來有自；然中醫從診斷以迄療治皆道法自然，其道法基礎｢陰陽五行經絡氣等｣皆哲學概念名詞，實際該定義為｢哲學｣，或｢醫學哲學｣，而不是科學。尤以中醫與科學之溝通障礙，如將中醫核心抽象的哲學用詞｢氣｣，以科學用詞｢生命能量｣詮釋，即可交流無礙。

關鍵字

哲學 ； 科學 ； 陰陽五行 ； 經絡 ； 氣 ； 生命能量 ； 心理學

並列摘要

The scientific theory of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is controversial for centuries. This article evaluates the relations inside: TCM was originated from/with Chinese classical philosophy and carried forward passing on to all kinds of Chinese medical codes and ancient books of Taoists and Buddhists. Upon investigation, its core theories ＂yin yang, five elements, meridian acupoints, Qi＂, and all kinds of therapies and traditional medicines, are natural, non-invention, nor creation and direct application on the basic philosophy with no antecedents, and all are through discovery manifested by themselves. On the other hand, science is the inference and calculation extended from its basic philosophy, which can be invented and created continuously causally and subtly. Does it imply that philosophy is the mother of science? and TCM has few divisions while science divisions (such as western medicine) are huge. Science focuses on the interpretation of the substance of the physical world; however, the TCM ＂integrated form and spirit＂ and ＂meridian and Qi＂ have been elaborating deeply into the play of the spiritual level in the invisible world, which is not only highly esteemed by the western masters of psychotherapy but also may clarify the myth of natural science in favor of materialism that cannot be separated from the spirit and not reach the law of complete repetition either. The scientific definition of TCM as ＂non-science＂ is correct. Since all methods of TCM from diagnosis to cure are philosophical conceptualized terms; should TCM be indeed defined as ＂philosophy＂, or ＂medical philosophy＂ instead of science? Especially, TCM can get through to science without hindrance if the core philosophical term ＂Qi＂ of TCM were scientized redefined as ＂vitality energy＂.

並列關鍵字

Philosophy ； science ； yin and yang, five elements ； meridian acupoint ； Qi ； vitality energy ； psychology