- 期刊
發展性社會工作實務原則之實踐：以在萬華社區的二個社會服務方案為例
Implementing the Practice Principles of Developmental Social Work: Case Study of Two Social Service Programs at Wan-Hua Community
摘要
發展性社會工作主張福利服務應該具備以社區為基礎、結合經濟機制、充權的工作關係等三個原則，以促進個人充分參與社會。本文以二個位於臺北市萬華區的社區型方案為例，一是社團法人台灣社區實踐協會組織兒童少年所經營的二手商品小舖，二為社團法人臺灣夢想城鄉營造協會培訓經濟弱勢成人所進行的店家人物旅遊導覽，透過深度訪談、次級資料分析以及參與觀察等質性研究方法，分析發展性社會工作的實踐經驗。研究發現二個案例以經濟機制為更大範圍社會參與的媒介，運用參與者個人優勢以及社區資產，在個人和人際層面獲得增強個人權能，而充權的工作關係則依兒少、成人的生命發展階段而有不同策略；若欲提升方案的經濟產值以及社會層面的權能，可以更積極實踐以社區為基礎的原則，運用社區工作方法來擴大連結網絡，或採用發展性社會工作個案工作模式，將經濟參與納入預評估和計畫階段。最後提出實務、教育及政策面的討論和建議。
並列摘要
Developmental social work employs a strategy of social investment. In order to carry out complete social participation of individuals, the social services should be community-based, involving mechanisms of economy activities, and leaning to empowerment model. This study analyzes two social service programs at Wan-Hua area, Taipei, Taiwan. Studied are the Shin- An Vender of Taiwan Community Practice Association and Person-Centered Tour Guide Training Project of Taiwan Dream City Building Association. Methods used include a group interview of the workers, secondary data analysis of posts on their Facebook page, and participatory observation in their activities in 2016. The study finds the programs employ economic mechanism as a hub for participants' transition into social participation in wider scope. They integrate individuals' strengths and community's assets in the programs. Participants' power at personal and interpersonal levels are improved. The strategy of empowering relationship between the workers and participants varits by developmental stage of the participants. For better financial return and societal-level power, both programs and similar ones may consider to implement the community-based principal proactively. That is, services may apply more methods of community work so that services can be linked to community network closely. Moreover, developmental case work model indicates frat it's helpful to include economic aspects in the assessment and planning stages. Implications for practice, education, and policy are discussed.