Cryptosporidium parvum Oocyst Shedding in Neonatal Calf Diarrhea Syndrome in Southern Taiwan

臺灣南部地區新生仔牛下痢徵候群之微小隱孢子蟲(Cryptosporidium parvum)卵囊排出情形

吳永惠(Yeong-Huey Wu) ； 曾巨羽(Chu-Yu Tseng) ； 黃卓智(Cho-Chih Huang) ； 張清棟(Ching-Dong Chang) ； 張聰洲(Tsung-Chou Chang)

《臺灣獸醫學雜誌》 36卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 1-6

https://doi.org/10.7009/TVJ.201003.0001

摘要

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between oocyst shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum and diarrhea in dairy calves in southern Taiwan. A total of 48 neonatal calves from six different farms known to be positive for Cryptosporidium parvum bovine genotype were included in this study. Feces were collected from each calf every three days during their first month of life. The consistency of each fecal sample was noted, and the number of oocysts per gram (OPG) of feces was calculated using modified Ziehel-Neelsen stain (MZN). In addition, a commercial antigen-based ELISA diagnostic kits for C, parvum, rotavirus, coronavirus and E. coil F5 was employed to identify the presence of common enteropathogenic agents in 66 randomly selected diarrheic samples. The results were as the following: Oocysts were detected in the feces of 79.2% (38/48) calves within the first month of life. Oocysts were first detected in 60.5% (23/38) of positive calves at 4 days of age (the time of the second sampling). The highest oocyst detection rate (71.1-78.9%) occurred between 7 and 16 days of age (the third to the sixth sampling). The oocystexcretion period varied from the first to the eighth sampling. Of the 66 diarrhea samples analyzed for the enteropathogenic agents, 6 (9.1%) and 1 (1.5%) were found to have the single pathogen C, parvum and 1 E, coil F5, respectively, and 59 (89.4%) were C, parvum association with rotavirus, coronavirus and/or E, coil. The ratio of diarrheic feces was significantly (P＜0.05) higher on the oocyst initial excretion day compared to oocyst pre-excretion period or oocyst-disappearance period. In addition, more calves became diarrhea during the periods of elevated OPGs, and the occurrence of diarrhea rapidly decreased after the oocyst disappearance in the feces. Based on these findings, we concluded that C. parvum infection plays an important pathogenic role in neonatal calf diarrhea syndrome in southern Taiwan.

關鍵字

微小隱孢子蟲 ； 新生仔牛下痢症候群 ； 仔乳牛 ； 台灣

並列摘要

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between oocyst shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum and diarrhea in dairy calves in southern Taiwan. A total of 48 neonatal calves from six different farms known to be positive for Cryptosporidium parvum bovine genotype were included in this study. Feces were collected from each calf every three days during their first month of life. The consistency of each fecal sample was noted, and the number of oocysts per gram (OPG) of feces was calculated using modified Ziehel-Neelsen stain (MZN). In addition, a commercial antigen-based ELISA diagnostic kits for C, parvum, rotavirus, coronavirus and E. coil F5 was employed to identify the presence of common enteropathogenic agents in 66 randomly selected diarrheic samples. The results were as the following: Oocysts were detected in the feces of 79.2% (38/48) calves within the first month of life. Oocysts were first detected in 60.5% (23/38) of positive calves at 4 days of age (the time of the second sampling). The highest oocyst detection rate (71.1-78.9%) occurred between 7 and 16 days of age (the third to the sixth sampling). The oocystexcretion period varied from the first to the eighth sampling. Of the 66 diarrhea samples analyzed for the enteropathogenic agents, 6 (9.1%) and 1 (1.5%) were found to have the single pathogen C, parvum and 1 E, coil F5, respectively, and 59 (89.4%) were C, parvum association with rotavirus, coronavirus and/or E, coil. The ratio of diarrheic feces was significantly (P＜0.05) higher on the oocyst initial excretion day compared to oocyst pre-excretion period or oocyst-disappearance period. In addition, more calves became diarrhea during the periods of elevated OPGs, and the occurrence of diarrhea rapidly decreased after the oocyst disappearance in the feces. Based on these findings, we concluded that C. parvum infection plays an important pathogenic role in neonatal calf diarrhea syndrome in southern Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Cryptosporidium parvum ； neonatal calf diarrhea syndrome ； dairy calves ； Taiwan