環境資訊公開的民主實踐課題－以霄裡溪光電廢水汙染爭議爲例

Democratic Practice of Environmental Information Disclosure-A Lesson from Siaoli River Pollution Disputes

杜文苓(Wen-Ling Tu) ； 李翰林(Han-Lin Li)

《臺灣民主季刊》 8卷2期 (2011/06) Pp. 59-98

https://doi.org/10.6448/TDQ.201106.0059

摘要

政府資訊公開與公共決策透明，是落實環境民主決策的基礎要件。尤其面對複雜的科技發展，伴隨而至的環境風險充滿不確定性，使當令環境治理充滿挑戰。而政府資訊公開與決策資訊透明，已成爲解決當前環境治理困境行政程序中不可或缺的一環。我國2005年公佈施行《政府資訊公開法》，希望便利人民共享與公平使用政府資訊，保障人民的知情權，並促進民主參與。政府資訊公開雖完成法制化的基礎工作，但環境資訊的公開實踐課題卻少有討論，尤其環境風險之相關資訊，更有生產與運用之權力關係問題。本文以霄裡溪光電廢水汙染爭議爲例，探討政府、民間團體、與企業在爭議過程中的資訊生產與資訊解讀，並從公民主動要求、申請資訊的動態過程，勾勒環境資訊民主實踐的樣貌，提出進一步值得省思的課題。我們也嘗試追間，在現行法制化的基礎上，落實環境資訊透明，還需要哪些制度性的支持與資源的配合？透過相關檔案資料、會議紀錄的分析，輔以深度訪談，本文探究霄裡溪汙染爭議中一般公民所面臨的資訊取得障礙，了解台灣環境爭議中不利於資訊公開之制度性因素。

關鍵字

資訊公開 ； 環境資訊 ； 光電廢水 ； 高科技污染 ； 奧爾胡斯公約 ； 霄裡溪

並列摘要

Government information disclosure and transparency are essential elements in an environmental decision making process. But its actual implementation poses a tremendous challenge to today's environmental governance, particularly in light of the uncertain environmental risks associated with complex technological developments. Government information disclosure and decision-making transparency have become an integral part of the current administrative procedure in resolving environmental management dilemmas. Taiwan has promulgated ”Government Information Transparency Law” in 2005 with the desire to promote democratic participation and to safeguard the people's right to information disclosure by facilitating the distribution and fair use of government information to the public. Although the disclosure of government information may have achieved its basic goal in the legal sense, in reality it has garnered little discussion in actual implementation; especially in the problematic area of the right to production and consumption of environmental risk related information. This article takes the Siaoli River optoelectronic wastewater pollution dispute as an example; examines information production and interpretation between the government, the public, and the manufacturers during the course: and outlines the dynamic process of Taiwan's environmental information disclosure as a topic worthy of further reflection. We also strive to inquire what further institutional support and resources could strengthen the implementation of environmental information disclosure under Taiwan's political climate. Through the analysis of the relevant documents, meeting minutes, and in depth interviews; this paper explores information barriers facing the ordinary citizens in the Siaoli River pollution dispute and pinpoints what institutionalized factors are obstructive to Taiwan's information disclosure system in such environmental disputes.

並列關鍵字

information disclosure ； environmental information ； optoelectronic wastewater ； high-tech pollution ； Aarhus Convention ； Siaoli River

參考文獻

湯德宗(2006)。政府資訊公開法比較評析。國立臺灣大學法學論叢。35(6)，37-116。

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