我國歷次的斷交潮與美國對台政策相互關係之研究

A Study of Interrelation between Waves of Our Severing Diplomatic Relations with Foreign Countries and The Then US Policy to Taiwan

王翠霞(Tsui-Hsia Wang)

《明新學報》 44卷1期 (2020/12) Pp. 124-138

摘要

近期由於索羅門群島與吉里巴斯在相隔數日之內與我國斷交，引起國人的震驚與議論。自民進黨政府重新執政以來每年皆有斷交事件，迄今斷交國數目已達七個，儼然成為新一波的斷交潮。回顧台海兩岸分裂分治至今，我國共經歷過五波的斷交潮，邦交國數目從1949年中華人民共和國成立時的五十二個，一路滑落到目前的十五國，外交處境日益艱難。本文以現實主義的觀點，從美陸台三邊關係的框架中，分析歷次斷交潮的成因及其相應的美國對台政策。研究的結果認為，為維護我國外交環境的穩定與發展，須與美國保持良好的關係，惟不能使自己成為美國的「台灣牌」。另一方面，在台海雙方都能接受的政治基礎之上，與中國大陸發展和諧的兩岸關係，如此方能杜絕斷交潮的再次發生。

關鍵字

斷交潮 ； 古典現實主義 ； 攻勢現實主義

並列摘要

Solomon Islands broke off diplomatic relations with our country recently and Republic of Kiribati followed suit days later, causing shocks and discussions among our nationals. Since DDP retook power, every year we cut diplomatic ties with foreign countries which amount to 7 until now. This is essentially a new wave of severing our diplomatic relations with foreign countries. Since 1949 when P.R.C was founded, we have gone through five periods of losing diplomatic relations. In 1949 we had 52 countries having diplomatic relation with us .After we broke away from Mainland China, there were only 15. In this disseration, I analyze, in a perspective of realism, the causes of those waves of losing diplomatic relations and the then US policy to Taiwan. This study comes to the conclusion that for the stability and development of our diplomatic environment, we should maintain good relationship with the US but not fall into its pawn. On the other hand, we need to build up a harmonious relation with Mainland China on an acceptable polictical basis for the both sides, therefore losing diplomatic relation will never happen again.

並列關鍵字

Wave of severing diplomatic relation ； Classical Realism ； Offensive Realism

參考文獻

許嘉等（2008）。美國國際關係理論研究。北京：時事出版社。

張亞中主編（民 98）。國際關係總論（2 版）。台北：揚智出版社。

石源華（民 105）。中國周邊外交十四講。北京：社會科學文獻出版社。

周世雄（民 92）。國際關係-權力與制度。台北：五南出版公司。

沈志華（1999）。中蘇同盟與韓戰研究。桂林：廣西師範大學出版社。