智能障礙者從事餐飲業之工作適應探討

Work Adjustment of Individuals with Intellectual Disability in the Restaurant Industry

孫瑜華(Yu-Hua Christine Sun) ； 張雯惠(Wen-Huei Chang) ； 陳建中(Chien-Chung Chen)

《身心障礙研究季刊》 9卷3期 (2011/09) Pp. 165-176

https://doi.org/10.30072/JDR.201109.0003

摘要

台灣智能障礙者的人數日趨增加，但就業率卻偏低，僅為17.3%（行政院勞工委員會職業訓練局，2009a）。本研究以從事餐飲業之智能障礙者為對象，探究其適應狀況、工作與社會技能、溝通技巧與人際相處等，透過了解智能障礙者從事餐飲產業之困境與外部支持情形，為智能障礙者找出有利就業之相關因素。本研究設計採用深度訪談法與非參與觀察法，研究對象為從事餐飲產業之智能障礙工作者及就業服務員與職場店長共計九位。資料收集期間為99年5月至99年6月。研究結果發現，本研究之受訪者皆具基本工作能力且熟悉工作流程、體力表現良好、接受糾正與服從指令、並懂得觀察顧客需求，但有情緒管理問題、較缺乏自信、與變通性不足等問題。最後，本研究根據研究結果對未來研究與實務提出建議，給予相關機構輔導有意願從事餐飲產業之智能障礙者就業方向參考。

關鍵字

工作適應 ； 智能障礙者 ； 餐飲業

並列摘要

The population with intellectual disability was increasing in Taiwan; however their employment rate is still very low (17.3%). The purposes of this study were to investigate the work performance, work adjustment, social skills, communication skills, and dilemma of individuals with intellectual disability working in restaurant industry. In-depth interviews and non-participating observation were employed to collect information. The sample of present study included 3 individuals with intellectual disability, their colleagues (3) and their supervisors (3). The results found some very interesting phenomenon. First of all, we found that individuals with intellectual disability do have some basic level of work knowledge and work skills. Secondly, the most challenging aspects of individuals with intellectual disability were their difficulties in emotional management, lack of self-confidence, and lack of flexibilities. Recommendations for future research, related organizations and restaurant industry were also discussed.

並列關鍵字

Intellectual disability ； restaurant industry ； work adjustment

參考文獻

內政部統計處(2010)。九十九年第七週內政統計通報(98 年底列冊身心障礙者人數統計)。中華民國行政院內政部網站，http://www.moi.gov.tw/stat/news_list.aspx?page=0(2010/4/14)。

Dawis, R. V.,Lofquist, L. H.(1984).A psychological theory of work adjustment.MN:University of Minnesota Press.

Dawis, R. V.,Lofquist, L. H.,Weiss, D. J.(1968).A theory of work adjustment (revision).MN:University of Minnesota Press.

Ferrari, L.,Nota L.,Soresi, S.(2008).Conceptions of work in Italian adult with intellectual disability.Journal of Career Development.34,438-464.

Krippendorff, K.(2004).Content analysis: an introduction to its methodology.CA:Sage.