論曉雲法師佛教教育理論與實踐

本文主要探討曉雲法師(1912-2004)抉擇佛教教育作爲宗教實踐與社會關懷的原因，及其發展教育志業的理論依據－「覺之教育」之形塑過程、特色與內涵并實踐之道－「二部並進」教育理想的落實過程。文中指出：基於佛教教育爲人類所需、爲佛教培養人才、爲社會弘化奠礎與對治「心物相離」之時代弊病等因素，曉雲法師抉擇佛教教育作爲終身志業。其次，說明「覺之教育」之形塑過程：從儒佛教育思想入手，終於融攝中西教育思想精華；特色則是：淨心與安身爲本、總悲與舛德爲體、智慧與知識爲用；內涵則包括：禪行攝養的薰修、契理契機的施教方針、具足悲智的師資與景觀境教的潛移默化。文末分述其創辦蓮華學佛園、華梵佛學研究所與華梵工學院的緣起、呆旨與辦學特色，從而實現其「二部並進」之教育願景的過程，以顯彰曉雲法師以教育「救心救世」之悲願。

關鍵字

曉雲法師；佛教教育；覺之教育

並列摘要

This paper discusses the reasons why Ven. Hiu-wan chooses Buddhist Education as her life-long devotion and the theory and practice of her ”Enlightenment Education”. Due to the following four reasons, Ven. Hiu-wan chooses Buddhist Education as the way of manifesting her religious practice and social concern: (1) Buddhist Education being essential for all mankind. (2) Buddhist Education as a way of cultivating the elite for Buddhism. (3) Buddhist Education as a way of laying foundation for the propagation of Buddhism. (4) Buddhist Education as a prescription for the illness (i.e. separation of the spirit and the material) of contemporary society. The characteristics of her theory of ”Enlightenment Education” are: (1) Purifying the mind and stabilizing the physical body as the base of education. (2) Focusing on the development of compassion and benevolence. (3) Applying wisdom and knowledge. The contents of ”Enlightenment Education” are: (1) Zen mediation. (2) Skillful teaching methods. (3) Compassionate and wise teaching faculty. (4) Environmental education. Finally, this paper introduces the educational achievement of Ven. Hiu-wan to verify her vow of saving the world by education.