社會文化與悲傷反應

Social Culture and Bereaved Reaction

林綺雲

《生死學研究》 2期 (2005/06) Pp. 107-127

https://doi.org/10.29844/JLDS.200506.0003

摘要

在心理衛生的知識領域中逐漸證實人類在遭遇災難或失落事件時出現的各種心理反應深受個體之文化背景與社會因素的影響。換言之，「悲慟」是由社會文化所建構，它是在以文化為基礎的社會互動過程對悲慟概念的界定與行動的型塑。本文針對非物質文化的內涵討論社會對死亡處置狀態與個體悲傷反應的影響，彰顯認知或規範文化的制約使個體在價值觀、語言等有一定的表達限制，因著社會對性別、年齡差異或社會對喪葬禮俗是公或私領域的界定而有不同的悲傷反應。本文亦指出長久以來東西方社會在死亡處置與悲慟上的文化差異，在文化傳播過程逐漸產生對話甚至全球化現象帶來的隱憂。

關鍵字

社會文化 ； 悲傷反應

並列摘要

In the academic field of mental health, there are certain studies to analyze mental reaction which is influenced from the individual's cultural background and social context while they suffering from disasters or loss events. In other words, bereavement is constructed by society and culture, and it be defined and shaped by social interaction which is based on cultural context. Following this argument, this paper focuses on the implication of non-material culture and discusses social opinions to deal with death and individual reactions to brief. Thus, this paper emphasizes that the phenomenon of dealing with death in every society or cultural norm will set certain limits to individual values and linguistic expressions. Different reactions in the society result from different factors such as gender and age, as well as different locations such as public and private spheres. Although there are many cultural differences between western and eastern societies in dealing with death and bereavement with the long time, this paper also explores the mutual dialog between each other through the process of cultural spread and globalization.

並列關鍵字

social culture ； bereavement ； grief