從噶舉傳承教法「大手印」論《密勒日巴大師全集》中動物與聖徒的證道關係

On the Enlightened Relationship between Animals and Saints in "The Hagiography of Milarepa" from the Dharma of Kagyü Lineage's "Mahāmudrā"

吳品達(Pin-Ta Wu)

《玄奘佛學研究》 21期 (2014/03) Pp. 165-212

摘要

西藏宗教傳記，表解脫之文體，體現在傳統外、內、密三層次的敘述，穿插道歌對應的形式，再現於密勒日巴口傳的聖傳書寫與道歌中，實踐其藏密體系的根、道、果三修行次第：觀自然之境（如自性）為根，入噶舉傳承大手印教法為道，尋解脫證悟空性為果。文本所用為噶舉傳承第四代祖師－密勒日巴（1040－1123）聖傳集，名為《密勒日巴大師集》，包含《密勒日巴尊者傳》與《密勒日巴大師歌集》兩部分。密勒日巴山中修行四十二年間，以聆聽自然（對境與自性）之大手印為菩提心要，解脫證悟空性。本文旨在挖掘動物對密勒日巴尊者的證悟與修道所形塑出重要的層次，呼應噶舉傳承的大手印教義，審視古印度八十四大成就者的聖傳集裡，動物對於修道者又是扮演何種關鍵的角色。

關鍵字

密勒日巴 ； 噶舉傳承 ； 大手印 ； 聖徒 ； 動物

並列摘要

The religious biographies of Tibet stand for the narrative of rNam-thar which incarnates the outer, inward and secret phases of these three narrations. It interweaves the form of doha as well as the Tibetan Buddhist practices of its root, path and fruit in Milarepa's oral transmission through the writing of hagiographies and doha: a root of meditation to Nature as Svabhāva, a path to Mahāmudrā dharma into Kagyü lineage, a fruit of emptiness in quest of liberation and enlightenment.The text for this research is about the fourth master of Kagyü lineage-Milarepa (1040-1123) whose hagiographical collection entitled as ”The Collection of Milarepa” Master consists of two parts: ”The Biography of Milarepa Master” and ”The Collected Songs of Milarepa Master” will be explored in this paper. During the forty-two-year of Buddhist practices in mountains, Milarepa listens to the Nature (realms and Svabhāva) as well as the Mahāmudrā in emptinesss. The paper aims to dig out the enlightened relationship between animals and saints correlated with the dharma of Kagyü Lineage's Mahāmudrā and to explain the roles of these animals with the practitioners in the eighty-four ancient Indian hagiographies.

並列關鍵字

Milarepa ； Kagyü Lineage ； Mahāmudrā ； saints ； animals

參考文獻

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Abhayadatta(1985).Masters of Mahāmudrā: Songs and Histories of the Eighty-four Buddhist Siddhas.New York:State U of New York P.

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