糖尿病患者心理社會調適、因應方式與衛教需求之關係

A Study Psychosocial Adjustment, Coping Styles and Health Education Needs among Diabetic Patient

何延鑫(Yan-Shin Hor) ； 黃久美(Chiu-Mieh Huang) ； 郭鐘隆(Jong-Long Guo)

《實證護理》 1卷3期 (2005/09) Pp. 165-175

https://doi.org/10.6225/JEBN.1.3.165

摘要

本研究目的在探討糖尿病患者心理社會調適、因應方式與衛教需求之間的關係。研究工具是參考相關問卷自擬結構式問卷，透過訪談，以台北市某醫學中心新陳代謝科門診第二型糖尿病患者爲對象，有效問卷共215份，其結果如下：(l)糖尿病患者心理社會調適以健康照顧調適得分最高，性調適得分最低。(2)糖尿病患者使用正向因應方式比負向之因應方式多，最常使用樂觀因應，最少使用情緒化因應方式；使用正向因應方式者，心理社會各層面調適皆較好，對衛教需求度也較高。(3)糖尿病患者自覺衛教需求達中度需求，最想了解個人現存糖尿病之慢性合併症情況及嚴重合併症之預防。(4)影響糖尿病患者自覺衛教需求的因素有年齡、教育程度、職業及罹病期；年齡輕、教育程度高、有職業、罹病期短者，其衛教需求度較高；衛教需求之顯著預測變項有社經地位、性調適、正向因應與負向因應方式，總變異量爲21%。本研究結果可提供擬定糖尿病患衛生教育計畫之參考。

關鍵字

心理社會調適 ； 因應方式 ； 衛教需求

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate psychosocial Adjustment, coping styles, and health education needs among diabetic patients. Data were collected in the metabolic outpatient department at a medical center in Taipei, through the use of structured questionnaires. A total of 215 valid questionnaires were completed. The main findings were as follows: (1) The subjects displayed the best psychosocial adjustment in the area of healthcare, and the poorest in that of sexual relationships. (2) The subjects used more positive coping styles than negative styles. The most frequently used coping style was an optimistic one while the least frequently used was an emotional one. The results reveal that the subjects benefited notably from the use of positive coping styles. The more the subjects used positive coping styles, the better their psychosocial adjustment to illness, and the more their need for diabetes education. (3) The subjects evaluated their need for diabetes education as moderate, expressing the most needs in respect of ”chronic complications and prevention”. (4) The need for diabetes education, as evaluated by the patients, varied significantly with age, educational level, career, and the duration of the patient's diabetes. The younger the patient, the higher his or her educational levels, with works, the shorter the duration of his or her diabetes, the greater the need for diabetes education. Significant predictors of the need for diabetes education included socioeconomic status, sexual relationship adjustment, and positive and negative coping styles, accounting for 21% of the total variance. The results of this study may help to provide guidance in the design of education plans for diabetic patients.

並列關鍵字

psychosocial adjustment ； coping style ； health education need