2×2成就目標和能力知覺對運動動機之預測

The Prediction of 2×2 Achievement Goal and Perceived Competence on Sport Motivation

李烱煌(Chiung-Huang Li) ； 季力康(Li-Kang Chi) ； 江衍宏(Yen-Hung Chiang)

《臺灣運動心理學報》 6期 (2005/05) Pp. 31-53

https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT.20050501_(6).0002

摘要

本研究目的在探討2×2成就目標和能力知覺對運動動機之預測力以及2×2成就目標與能力知覺在預測運動動機的交互作用影響。研究對象為240名來自國內13所中學手球校隊選手，平均年齡為15.12歲，皆自願完成填寫一組測量2×2運動成就目標、能力知覺以及運動動機等問卷。經由多元階層迴歸分析，結果發現一、精熟－趨近目標和能力知覺能明顯預測內在動機和認同調節動機。二、表現－趨近目標和「表現－趨近目標×能力知覺」是外在調節動機有效的預測變項。三、精熟－趨近目標、精熟－逃避目標和能力知覺是無動機的有效預測變項。根據結果，本研究認為只要選手努力去趨近絕對和個人內在標準的能力以及正面知覺自己的手球技能，他／她就會有較高的內在動機和認同調節動機以及較低程度的無動機；反之，強調精熟－逃避目標的選手傾向於擁有較高的無動機；另一方面，如果選手是趨近常模標準的能力，那麼他／她的行為就會受到外在意義的控制；最後，表現－趨近目標與外在調節動機的關係會受到能力知覺的修正。

關鍵字

成就目標理論 ； 自我決定理論 ； 趨近 ； 逃避 ； 多元迴歸

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine prediction and interaction of 2×2 achievement goals and perceived competence on sport motivation. Two hundred and forty handball players from thirteen high school teams on the average aged 15.12 years old participated in the study. All the participants were asked to complete a series of questionnaires, which measured 2×2 achievement goals, perceived competence, and sport motivation. The results of these questionnaires were analyzed with a series of multiple hierarchical regressions. It was found that (a) mastery-approach goal and perceived competence were effectively predictors of intrinsic motivation and identified regulation, (b) external regulation was predicted by performance-approach goal and interaction between performance-approach goal and perceived competence, (c) mastery-approach goal, mastery-avoidance goal, and perceived competence were effectively predictors of amotivation, it is suggested that when the athlete strives to approach absolute or intrapersonal competence and positively perceive his/her own handball skills, he/she will possess higher intrinsic motivation and identified regulation and lower amotivation. On the contrary, the athlete who emphasizes mastery-avoidance goal tends to have higher amotivation. If the athlete approaches normative competence, his/her behaviors would be controlled by external meanings. Finally, the relationship between performance-approach and external regulation could be altered by perceived competence.

並列關鍵字

achievement goal theory ； self-determination theory ； approach ； avoidance ； multiple regression

參考文獻

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