The relationship between two sites of Taiwan Strait acts a vital role in the development of vitality and prosperity of Taiwan and China. The purpose of this study was to review the interaction and the historical legacy of exercise physiology between Taiwan and China. The very first move occurred in an international conference during 1990 Beijing Asian Games, followed by the participation to a flying squat sampling officer symposium which was hosted and organized by the regional development center of IAAF in Beijing in 1993. The intensive interaction begins in many international athletic events. The establishment of the Society of Chinese Exercise Physiology and Physical Fitness in 1993 and the publication of Journal of Sports Science in 2002 have facilitated the interaction among exercise physiologists of China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and overseas Chinese. It is expected that the peace progression and the cooperation and interaction will be enhanced when 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and 2009 World Games Kaohsiung comes. A peaceful development ensures the prosperity of Taiwan and China.