台灣傳統產業研發之方式、瓶頸及資源需求與產業類型關係之研究

Research on the Relationship between the R&D Approach, Barrier, Resource Need, and Industry Category of Taiwan's Traditional Industries

陳偉星(Wei-Shing Chen) ； 余豐榮(Fong-Jung Yu) ； 金憲(Sian Jin)

《科學與工程技術期刊》 7卷2期 (2011/06) Pp. 63-75

https://doi.org/10.7117/JSET.201106.0063

摘要

台灣傳統產業多爲民生必需品或基礎工業，提供了眾多的就業人口，是穩定台灣就業市場與經濟發展所必需的一環。近年來受到生產成本的上升、缺乏創新研發、發展策略定位不明、轉型腳步太慢與自由化零關稅貿易的衝擊下，造成傳統產業外移，衍生不少失業的社會問題，因此透過政府與相關財團法人來協助傳統產業升級與轉型是一件刻不容緩之事情。爲有效輔導傳統產業推動創新與研發工作，政府在擬定輔導策略前，必須了解當前傳統產業對推動研發工作之想法，其中包括阻礙企業從事研發創新的因素及需要政府協助事項。由於不同產業類型與公司規模所面臨問題與遭受衝擊程度不同，對創新研發規劃與需求會有差異，因此當政府欲輔導傳統產業推動研發，必須要了解傳統產業研發需求、瓶頸、意願、方式與及對不同產業之關係，進而能針對不同傳統產業類別訂定不同的輔導策略。本研究透過「傳統產業創新聯盟」調查台灣傳統產業研發現況，分析歸納其研發方式、瓶頸、利用政府研發資源程度及其與產業類型之相關性。研究發現雖然多數傳統產業還是以自主研發方式爲主，但由於科技發展與外在經營環境快速變化，廠商最需要政府協助項目是技術輔導。研發方式與需要政府協助程度與產業類型有顯著性相關。政府提供許多研發資源給傳統產業，但仍然有約百分之三十八廠商沒有向政府申請過任何資源，廠商研發能量分配不均，偏重於新型專利而非發明專利，且其研發能量與所採用研發方式有相關。

關鍵字

傳統產業 ； 研發方式 ； 研發規劃 ； 研發瓶頸 ； 資源需求

並列摘要

Most traditional Taiwanese industries, which produce essential products, support the fundamental industries, and provide significant employment, hold an important position in sustaining Taiwan's employment market and economic development. Recently, due to the impact of increased costs, a lack of innovation and research, ambiguous development strategy, sluggish industrial transformation, and global trade liberalization, Taiwan's traditional industries have been forced to withdraw, generating severe social and unemployment problems. Therefore, assisting the traditional industries in transforming and increasing competence is crucial for the government and research centers. Establishing the appropriate supporting strategies to assist traditional industries in conducting R&D requires an understanding of the industry barriers and resource needs of R&D. The different industry categories have unique problems; therefore, diverse supporting strategies should be developed for the various industries. This research uses the survey data from the AITI and analyzes the relationship between the R&D approach, barriers, resource needs, and industry category of Taiwan's traditional industries. The results indicate that most industries adopt an independent R&D approach and require technological support from the government. More than 38% of Taiwan's industries have not applied for or obtained any governmental R&D resource support. Approximately 80% of all R&D is conducted by 20% of Taiwan's companies, and the R&D results are focused on the level of development instead of the level of research. The results indicate that the R&D approach, barriers, and performance are significantly related to the industry category.

並列關鍵字

traditional industries ； R&D approach ； R&D planning ； R&D barrier ； resource need