中部地區國民小學主任工作壓力與因應方式之研究

A Study on the Job Stress and Coping Strategies for the Director of Elementary School in the Middle Area of Taiwan

莊淑灣(Shu-Wan Chuang) ； 呂錘卿(Chuei-Ching Lu)

《臺中教育大學學報：教育類》 19卷2期 (2005/12) Pp. 127-150

https://doi.org/10.7037/JNTUE.200512.0127

摘要

本研究旨在探討國民小學主任工作壓力之現況，及其面臨工作壓力時所採取的因應方式。以台中市、台中縣、彰化縣、南投縣的403位國小教師兼主任為研究對象。所得資料以算數平均數與標準差、次數分配和百分比、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關、典型相關與逐步多元迴歸進行統計分析。本研究的結論如下：
1.國民小學主任感受中等程度的工作壓力，採用壓力因應方式的頻率屬於中高程度，最常使用的因應方式是「尋求協助」。
2.女性、31-40歲及41-50歲、主任年資6年-10年、一般大學學歷及偏遠地區的國民小學主任感受到較大的工作壓力。
3.外控信念的國民小學主任工作壓力大於內控信念的國民小學主任。
4.國民小學主任背景變項和控制信念對工作壓力及壓力因應方式具有預測力。
5.女性、41-50歲、擔任輔導工作、偏遠地區及學校規模大的國民小學主任，較常採用壓力因應方式。
6.外控信念的國民小學主任較常採用「解決問題」的因應方式，內控信念的國民小學主任較常採用「自我調適」、「尋求協助」的因應方式。
7.整體工作壓力越高的國民小學主任，越常採用整體因應方式。
8.國民小學主任的工作壓力與因應方式具有典型相關存在。

關鍵字

工作壓力 ； 因應方式 ； 國民小學主任 ； 控制信念

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to inquire the re The purposes of this study were to explore the status quo, the relationship between the jobs stress and coping strategies. The subjects were 403 directors in elementary schools in the middle area of Taiwan. The data was analyzed by t-test. One-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, Canonical correlation analysis, and Step-wise multiple regression analysis.
After analyzed the data, the conclusions were as follows:
1. Directors of elementary school are under medium level of stress, and the frequency of coping strategies to the stress is at medium-high level. Thus the most often coping is seeking for assistance.
2. Subjects with attributes such as female, 31 to 40 years old, 41 to 50 years old, with 6 to 10 years education background of director, general baccalaureate, and work in schools in remote area are generally facing bigger stress.
3. Directors of elementary school with external locus of control face substantial stress in comparison to those who with internal locus of control.
4. Stress and coping strategies of directors in elementary school are predictable by background attributes and locus of control.
5. Directors who adopt reactions to stress are usually female, 41 to 50 years old, working in student counseling, remote areas, and larger size of schools.
6. Directors with external locus of control often adopt ”problem solving” technique to counter pressure, while those who with internal locus of control usually adopt ”self-adjustment”, and ”seeking assistance” techniques.
7. The more stress the directors of elementary school have, the more often do they adopt coping strategies.
8. Directors' stress and reactions are canonical correlated.

並列關鍵字

job stress ； coping strategies ； director of elementary school ； control belief

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