籃球裁判執法判決能力電腦輔助系統之開發研究

本研究的目的：一、建立籃球裁判執法判決電腦輔助評估影像資料庫。二、建立籃球裁判執法判決電腦輔助評估系統。三、完成籃球裁判執法判決電腦輔助評估系統之信效度測試。本系統的建立係透過對正式籃球比賽裁判執法判決的過程，以數位攝影機拍攝籃球裁判比賽執法判決實況，觀察蒐集各種不同類型的判例實況錄影帶，加以剪輯搭配電腦程式設計，以完成籃球裁判執法判決電腦輔助評估系統。本研究的方法是隨機抽樣國內32位籃球裁判為研究對象，受測者就其所觀看之影片內容，以滑鼠分別操作執行判定的時機準確性與正確性。測試完成後，系統將立即呈現其結果，受測者馬上可獲知其執行判定的成效。完成評估作業後，再次接受另一套同類型的評估測試影片，根據前、後測試的評估結果，以變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關及「已知組間差異法」，檢驗本評估系統的信效度。本研究的結論：一、本系統的建立，對籃球裁判執法技術之提升應有助益。二、本系統的建立，可以協助籃球裁判測試檢討及評估改進判決結果，並可增進其熟悉比賽情境的效果。三、本系統具有良好之信效度，可提供測試籃球裁判分級的參考，亦可加入籃球裁判講習會訓練及考試項目。最後本研究提出可依據相同原理，設計各項適合情境內容，應用於各種運動項目的裁判講習訓練課程，以提昇其裁判執行判定之績效，並增進裁判執法技術水準之建議。

關鍵字

籃球；裁判；判決能力；電腦輔助系統

並列摘要

Purpose: By conducting this research, we expect to achieve the following three goals: (1) to develop a computer system that can be used in selecting basketball referees, (2) to establish a database for the computer system, (3) to evaluate the validity and reliability of the computer system. Method: In order to develop the system, video clips of correct judgments from referees in different basketball games were edited and collected as the database. The database covers a variety of judgments made in different situations. By coping this database with a computer program, we established a system that evaluates a referee's accuracy and the time required in making judgments. To test the validity and reliability of this system, 32 basketball referees in Taiwan were randomly selected as the subjects. Every subject was individually presented with three sets of video clips, during which the subject was asked to make judgments and click on a computer screen with a mouse. The first two sets of video clips were identical, and the third set was composed of video clips that were equally hard to the ones in the first two sets but were never shown previously. The test results of these 32 subjects were collected and analyzed with ANOVA, Pearson Product Moment correlation, and Known Group Difference Statistics Methods. Results: Our computer system has high validity and reliability in evaluating a basketball referee’s accuracy and the time required in making judgments. Conclusion: This system is efficient in selecting basketball referees, and can also improve their judging skills. Moreover, by changing the video clip database, it is possible to utilize this system in training and selecting referees in other sports. This indicates that we may be able to develop similar computer systems in various kinds of sports that help referees to improve their skills in making judgments and assist referee selection.

並列關鍵字

basketball ； referee ； executive judgment ； computer-assisted system

參考文獻

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