以利害關係人觀點評估失智症老人團體家屋照顧模式之執行成果

Outcome Evaluation of Group Home for Older People with Dementia from the Perspective of the Stakeholder

林哲瑩(Che-Ying Lin) ； 鄭晏甄(Yen-Chen Cheng)

《臺灣老人保健學刊》 12卷1期 (2016/06) Pp. 1-21

摘要

失智症老人團體家屋應以提供失智症老人小規模、生活環境家庭化、及照顧個別化之住宿型服務模式，以提升住民的生活品質為經營之首要目標。然而，因為各失智症老人團體家屋的經營者的經營理念、以及各單位的人力、物力、財力、和服務之差異，導致照顧品質有所差異。因此，有必要對失智症老人團體家屋實施定期的成果評估，以確保照顧品質並保障服務使用者之權益。本研究運用實地研究法、問卷調查法、和訪談法，以4家已經經營一年以上的失智症老人團體家屋的利害關係人（包含住民、家屬、單位主管）之觀點，來評估團體家屋的照顧品質與成果。資料分析方法為次數、中位數、等級平均數、克–瓦單因子等級變異數分析（H檢定），並分析實地觀察和訪談所得資料和本研究目的之一致程度。本研究發現雖然服務使用者肯定團體家屋的照顧模式，且認為照顧模式是被需要且必要執行的方案，但各團體家屋在各項照顧品質之評價不一。因此，對於服務使用者不滿意的照顧項目，各個團體家屋需積極地加以改善，以滿足自己家屋之利害關係人的需求。本研究建議政府應以失智症老人團體家屋為標準，全面性地推動小規模如家般的照顧單元模式，以提升失智症老人的長期照顧品質和生活品質。

關鍵字

失智症老人 ； 團體家屋 ； 成果評估

並列摘要

The purpose of group homes for older people with dementia is to provide small-scale, home-like, and individualized care environments for their residents. However, due to the difference in management philosophy, human resources, material, finance, and service program of each group home, there is a difference in quality of care. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate regularly in order to maintain quality of care and protect the right of service users. Four group homes which have been operated for at least one year were involved in this study. This study employed field research, questionnaire survey, and interview method to evaluate the performance and quality of care from the perspectives of stakeholders of the group homes (including residents, their family, and group home directors). The data were analyzed through frequency distribution, median, mean rank, Kruskal-Wallis H test. In addition, the observation and interview materials were analyzed. The finding of the study showed that although service receivers acknowledged that group home is a well-designed environment for older people with dementia, the group homes still need to improve care quality to satisfy the stakeholders. This study concluded that it is a good timing right now for the Taiwanese Government to promote the small-scale, home-like care unit based on the service model of group home to provide high quality care to enhance the quality of life of residents with dementia.

並列關鍵字

Older people with dementia ； group home ； outcome evaluation