- 期刊
精神科護理人員對高齡思覺失調症病患照顧能力之相關性研究
A correlational Study of Psychiatric Nursing Staff's Ability to Care for Older Adult Patients with Schizophrenia
摘要
背景：台灣臨床精神護理人員對高齡思覺失調症病患易有負面態度，而影響其照顧能力及品質。目的：本研究旨在探討精神護理人員對高齡思覺失調症病人之照顧能力的現況及相關影響因素。方法：採橫斷面研究設計，運用方便取樣，選取北部某精神科專科醫院護理師共187位，研究工具包括精神科護理人員對高齡思覺失調症照顧知識、態度及能力等量表。結果：從精神科護理人員對於高齡思覺失調症病患的照顧知識、態度及能力三量表之各題平均值（滿分四分），顯示精神科護理人員自評照顧知識優於照顧態度及照顧能力（3.36>2.98>2.95），以生理老化知識、照顧擔心、建立整體照護能力得分最高（3.44、3.30、3.03），以負性症狀知識、照顧意願、應用多元資源能力得分最低（2.96、2.70、2.74）。曾在校或在職教育接受過相關課程、自覺有幫助、有照顧該族群病患的興趣及參與在職教育課程之意願者，照顧高齡思覺失調症病患的能力總分及分項表現均顯著較高，而照顧意願（β=.47, p<.001）、照顧品質（β=.18, p=.023），可顯著影響「照顧能力總分」（解釋力達48.5%）。討論及結論：本研究發現－精神科護理人員的照顧意願及品質，可顯著影響其高齡思覺失調症的照顧能力，而高齡精神衛生護理課程有助於提升其照顧能力。建議未來在精神科護理教育課程中加入高齡精神照護及實習，增加與長者精神病患接觸活動，以提升護生對該族群的照顧意願。此外，可發展相關介入課程，協助精神護理人員增進其照顧高齡思覺失調症病患之自信及品質，進而提昇高齡照護能力。
並列摘要
Background: In Taiwan, clinical psychiatric nursing staff often harbor negative attitudes towards older adult patients with schizophrenia, which affects their care ability and the quality of care. Objective: This study examined the current situation regarding the psychiatric nursing staff's care ability for older adult patients with schizophrenia and the factors influencing it. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, and 187 nurses were selected from a psychiatric hospital in northern Taiwan through convenience sampling. The research tools included scales measuring psychiatric nursing staff' knowledge, attitudes, and abilities in caring for older adult patients with schizophrenia. Results: The average scores (out of a maximum of 4 points) from the 3 scales on care knowledge, attitudes, and abilities of the psychiatric nursing staff for older adult patients with schizophrenia showed that the nursing staff rated their care knowledge higher than their care attitudes and abilities (3.36 > 2.98 > 2.95). Specifically, the highest scores were in knowledge of physiological aging, concerns about care, and establishing comprehensive care abilities (3.44, 3.30, 3.03), and the lowest scores were in negative symptoms, willingness to care, and the ability to utilize diverse resources (2.96, 2.70, 2.74). Participants who had undergone related courses in school or on the job, felt such training courses were helpful, had interest in caring for this patient group, and were willing to participate in in-service education programs showed significantly higher overall and specific scores in the ability to care for older adult patients with schizophrenia. Both the willingness to care (β = .47, p < .001) and the quality of care (β = .18, p = .023) significantly affected the total care ability score (explanatory power reached 48.5%). Discussion and Conclusion: Psychiatric nursing staff' willingness to care and quality of care significantly affect their ability to care for older adult patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, older adult mental health nursing courses enhanced the nursing staff's care ability effectively. Accordingly, knowledge and practical training for older adult mental health care should be included in psychiatric nursing education programs, and activities involving contact with older adults with mental illness should be increased to enhance nursing students' willingness to care for this population. Moreover, relevant intervention courses should be developed to assist psychiatric nursing staff in improving their confidence, ability, and quality of care for older adult patients with schizophrenia, thereby enhancing the quality of care for older adults.