論奧古斯丁意志概念的緣起

On the Rise of Augustine's Concept of Voluntas

花威(Wei Hua)

《漢語基督教學術論評》 15期 (2013/06) Pp. 111-129

摘要

為了維護上帝的全善和全能，奥奧古斯丁把惡的起源追溯到人類的靈魂，並把靈魂劃分為較高部分和較低部分，前者由理智、意志和記憶構成，後者自身不能支配或攪擾前者，從而最終把作為靈魂的驅動力的意志認定為惡的實際肇始者。通過把意志用作哲學概念，奥奧古斯丁不僅避免了古希臘羅馬哲學對基督教創造論的可能威脅，還為道德的惡找到了可靠起源。

關鍵字

奧古斯丁 ； 惡 ； 神義論 ； 靈魂 ； 意志

並列摘要

To argue for God's goodness and omnipotence, Augustine traced the origin of evil back to human anima, dividing this anima into the higher part that includes intellectus, voluntas and memoria, as well as the lower part that cannot govern or disturb the higher part. Augustine eventually postulated voluntas, the driving force of anima, to be the author of evil. By elevating voluntas as a philosophical concept, Augustine avoided any possible threats that Greco-Roman philosophy could pose to the Christian theory of creation and also gave rise to the convincing origin of moral evil.

並列關鍵字

Augustine ； evil ； theodicy ； anima ； voluntas

參考文獻

Augustine, Saint. Oeuvres de Saint Augustin. Bibliothèque Augustinienne (BA). Paris: Desclée de Brouwer, 1949– .

Augustine, Saint. Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum (CSEL). Vienna: Tempsky, 1865–.

Augustine, Saint. Soliloquia, CSEL 89. Vienna: Tempsky, 1865–.

Augustine, Saint. De immortalitate animae, CSEL 89. Vienna: Tempsky, 1865–.

Augustine, Saint. De animae quantitate, CSEL 89. Vienna: Tempsky, 1865–.