內外控取向和練習靶大小對桌球正手擊球技能表現的影響

A Study of the Effects of Internal-External Control Orientation and the Size of the Practice Target on the Performance of Table Tennis Forehand Stroke

盧居福(Gei-Fu Lu)

《臺大體育學報》 1輯 (1997/05) Pp. 95-120

https://doi.org/10.6569/NTUJPE.199705_(1).0005

摘要

本研究之主要目的，在探討：
一、不同“內外控取向”組別之桌球初學者，在正手擊球準確性的初期學習成績有無表異。
二、桌球正手擊球凖確性的初期學習，是先學簡單工作（大型靶）組的效果較優？還是先學困難工作（小型靶）組的效果較優？
三、“內外控取向”及“工作難度的練習順序”兩變項，在桌球正手擊球凖確性的初期學習上有無交互作用。
本研究以國立台灣大學八十四學年度上學期151名選修桌球初級班男生爲研究對象，經“內外控取向量表”測驗後，取角控取向組47名及外控取向組46名，共93名爲本研究文受試者依三種不同的工作難度（大型靶、中型靶及小型靶）隨機分成六小組，並進行桌球正手擊球教學實驗。所搜得之資料，以t考驗、單因子變異數分析及二因子變異數分析等方法，進行資料分析，結果顯示：
一、內控取向的受試者，其凖確性的成績優於外往取向的受試者。
二、先練習困難工作（小型靶）的受試者，其凖確性的成績優於先練習簡單工作（大型靶）及普通工作（中型靶）的受試者。
三、“內外控取”與“工作難度練習順序”兩變項對凖確性的成績無交互作用。但就各組的平均數而言，仍可看出“內控小型靶”的受試者，其凖確性的成績優於“外控大型靶”、“外控中型靶”及“外控小型靶”的受試者。這表示內控取向的受試者，先練習困難工作，其凖碓性的成績優於先練習困難工作，普通工作及簡單工作的外控取向受試者。

關鍵字

內外控取向 ； 練習靶大小

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to investigate: (1) if there was different initial learning performance concerning the accuracy of table tennis forehand stroke among the beginners of different internal and external control groups, (2) during the initial stage of learning the accuracy of table tennis forehand stroke, what group had better performance, the group that learned the simple work (i.e., large size target) first or the group that learned the difficu1t work (i.e., small size target) first? and (3) if there was an interaction between variables ”internal-external control orientation” and ”the practice order according to the different work difficulty” on the accuracy of table tennis forehand stroke during the initial learning stage.
The 151 National Taiwan University male students who took junior table tennis classes in the first semester of 1995 school year were included in this study. After a test using ”internal-external control orientation questionnaire,” 93 subjects remained as the subjects of this study inc1uding 47 in the internal control orientation groups and 46 in the external control orientation groups. Secondly, randomly assigned these subjects into six sub-groups according to the three different work difficulty levels (i.e., large size, middle size, and small size targets). Then, taught and tested them table tennis forehand stroke skills. The obtained dala were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA.
The following results were found under this study:
(1) The Internal control orientation group's accuracy performance was better than the external control orientation group's.
(2) The small size target group's accuracy performance was better than large size group's and middle size group's.
(3) There was no interaction between variables ”internal-external control orientation” and ”the practice order according to the different work difficulty” on the accuracy performance. However, based upon the means, one can see that ”internal control orientation and small size target group” had better accuracy performance than” external control orientation and large size target group” ”external control orientation and middle size target group,” and ”external control orientation and small size target group.” It meant that the internal control orientation subjects who learned difficult work first had better accuracy performance than the external control orientation ones including those learned difficult work, ordinary work, and simple work first.