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臺灣運動觀賽動機量表之回顧研究

A Literature Review of Sports Spectating Motivation Scales in Taiwan

摘要


緒論:有關運動觀賽動機的議題在國內外長期都有研究投入,其中不乏許多建構量表的研究。比較文獻後發現國際研究趨勢是發展出量表後,再系統性地擴展其應用範圍,並反覆修訂,提升量表實用性與可靠性;國內則偏向採自編量表進行研究,且多為針對單一次賽事或研究所使用,對於整體運動產業的泛用性可能不足。因此,未來仍需要透過運動產業學界與業界齊力合作,發展出適合我國運動產業經營管理應用的量表,在實行之前,先進行臺灣運動觀賽動機量表的發展趨勢回顧就相當重要。方法:為瞭解臺灣現有運動觀賽動機量表研究之發展脈絡,本研究以HistCite引文編年軟體分析,共蒐集119篇國內運動觀賽文獻進行回顧研究。結果:目前國內最早編擬運動觀賽量表於1989年,研究理論多以計劃行為理論為基礎,研究對象多屬棒球賽事,且對於不同類型運動的研究,所採用之運動觀賽量表多有差異;統整量表構面共歸納出六個構面:個人喜好、情感投射、社會聯繫、休閒娛樂、比賽內容、滿意度,是目前多數研究的主軸。結論:在此基礎上,未來可評估設計具足夠信效度的運動觀賽動計量表,進行定期且持續的調查研究,編纂出一套適用於臺灣整體運動環境的量表。

並列摘要


Motivation of sport spectating have been a research subject in foreign for a long time, including many studies of scale-development. According to literature reviews, foreign studies used and enlarged the scale systematically after developed it. However, lots of domestic studies were done by individual self-made scales. To build up a scale apply to domestic sport industry for sports games, marketing and management, it's important to have a review about domestic scale-development progress of sport spectating. 119 domestic researches were analyzed by HistCite to understand develop progress of scales about sport spectating in Taiwan. It found that the first sport spectating scale was established in 1989. Lots of domestic studies explored sport spectating motivation based on "Theory of Planned Behavior". Most of study subjects were baseball events, and differentiation was found among diversity of sport kinds. 6-factor dimensions of the domestic scales included personal preferences, affective projection, social connection, leisure & recreation, competition content, and satisfaction, these were main factors of mostly recent researches. In future, it should be concern to develop a scale of sport spectating motivation by long term and sustain survey, make it become a general tool to apply in Taiwan sport industry.

參考文獻


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