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以關係式整體論現代博雅教育的溯源與轉型
The Origins and Transformation of Modern Liberal Arts Education: A Relational Holistic Perspective
摘要
本研究旨在追溯現代博雅教育的思想根源與重要理論，探討如何在當代教育體系中調整與轉型以促進其永續發展。研究採用文獻回顧分析法，重新檢視博雅教育的脈絡與傳統，進而揭示其在社會、政治與經濟變遷中的發展軌跡。研究發現，面對科技快速進展與跨領域整合的趨勢，博雅教育的核心價值更顯關鍵。在經歷個人主義與專業教育細分化的時期後，後現代社會呈現知識片段化與社會孤立的特徵，然而在當今資訊快速流通與跨領域創新需求的時代，培育具有整體觀、批判思考、創新能力與倫理判斷的人才，已然成為當代教育的重要目標。因此，本研究採取關係互構的整體觀（relational holistic perspective）視角，關注實體間動態互動與交互生成的本質，揭示現實乃是一個相互關聯且持續共構的總體，反映現代博雅教育於知識領域、學習主體與社會情境之間不可分割的辯證關係。而人工智慧（AI）作為一個蓬勃發展的關鍵要素，不應僅被視為孤立的技術工具，而應被理解為教育生態系統中具有能動性的參與者，與人類學習過程形成共構關係，從而重新思考博雅教育的本質內涵與未來發展路徑：除延續人文傳統精神外，更須思考在原先傳統上進行現代轉型，以持續實踐其教育使命。
並列摘要
This paper aims to trace the intellectual origins and key theoretical foundations of modern liberal arts education, examining how it can be adapted and transformed within contemporary educational systems to ensure its sustainable development. Through literature review and historical analysis, this study reexamines the context and traditions of liberal arts education, revealing its developmental trajectory amid social, political, and economic changes. The research findings suggest that as we face rapid technological advancement and cross-disciplinary integration, the core values of liberal arts education have become increasingly crucial. Following a period characterized by individualism and specialized professional education, postmodern society exhibits features of fragmented knowledge and social isolation. However, in an era of rapid information flow and demand for interdisciplinary innovation, nurturing individuals with a holistic perspective involving critical thinking, innovative capabilities, and ethical judgment has emerged as a vital educational objective. Therefore, this study adopts a relational holistic perspective, emphasizing the dynamic qualities of mutual influence and co-evolution among various elements within a broader context, focusing on the continuous interaction and reciprocal shaping between constituent parts. Liberal arts education must not only preserve its humanistic traditional spirit but also consider modern transformation of its original traditions to continue fulfilling its educational mission.