不同母語譯者中譯英主體性之彰顯

隨著翻譯研究的「文化轉向」及「全球化」時代的到來，文化語境與譯者主體性的關係受到越來越多的關注。譯者作為原作的第一位讀者，在對原作進行闡釋和翻譯時，其理解無疑是在特定的文化語境中進行的。譯者受自己意識形態的支配和操縱，造成譯文中譯者主體性（subjectivity）的彰顯。前人對文化語境如何影響文本及翻譯策略的選擇以及翻譯手法的運用作了大量研究和論述，但對於譯者如何在翻譯社論文章時使用翻譯手法以彰顯主體性卻稍有不足。本研究旨在探討不同語言文化環境中成長（不同母語）的譯者，在翻譯具濃厚個人主觀意見的社論文章時，其人稱代名詞的使用（翻譯手法）是否彰顯不同的主體性，以及如何彰顯不同的主體性。本研究發現，從事中譯英翻譯的一般譯者，包括無經驗的學生譯者和有經驗的專業譯者，使用第一人稱代名詞是彰顯譯者主體性的一個主要手段。然而，不同程度譯者對第一人稱代名詞的偏好類別不同。在第一人稱代名詞的使用上，譯者中文社論的譯文與英文報刊所登載社論相去甚遠，亟待加強。

關鍵字

譯者主體性；第一人稱代名詞；社論；中譯英；語料庫

並列摘要

Culture and globalization are emerging as ever important issues in translation studies. Consequently the relationship between cultural context and translator subjectivity is receiving increasing attention from scholars. Translators read and then translate original works in a certain cultural context, within which they are influenced and manipulated by their own ideology. As a result, a translation is often imbued with the values and judgments of the translator and thus manifests the translator's subjectivity which is realized through choices of different linguistic features and translation strategies. This study is aimed at exploring how translators of different cultural backgrounds and language competence levels use first person pronouns in their translation of Chinese editorials into English and how translation subjectivity manifests in their translations. The study finds that translators of different translation competence levels use first person pronouns as a major means to manifest their subjectivity. However, they appear to prefer certain first person pronouns over others. This study also finds that the use of first person pronouns in translation in general is significantly different from that of authentic English editorials. Based on the findings, this study argues that translators, native English-speaking and native Chinese-speaking alike, may not have been fully aware of the importance of first person pronouns as a means to manifest translator subjectivity, and it calls for further research into translation subjectivity in the hope helping native Chinese-speaking translators improve.