地面光達系統誤差分析及校正

地面光達可在短時間內快速獲取被掃瞄物表面高密度、高精度的3D點雲資料，提供豐富的資訊以進行被掃瞄物3D模型之重建，儀器廠商宣稱之規格表中，多描述地面光達的精度能達到公分級的水準，更甚至有公釐級精度水準。然而儀器規格表中所列的通常是雷射測距的精度，而非掃瞄儀的定點精度，本研究希望能提出一個合適的誤差模式來對掃瞄誤差與精度進行評估，並能在此模式下檢核出儀器的系統誤差來源，最後針對儀器存在的系統誤差加以改正。並再配合室外檢定方式對地面光達進行檢定工作，選定一合適校正場佈設反射標，以傳統測量方式與地面光達量測得的資料加以處理，計算地面雷光達誤差與精度，最後以六參數加測角測距參數模式改正儀器掃瞄時的系統性誤差，而結果亦顯示此種方法能有效改正儀器誤差。

關鍵字

地面光達；雷射掃瞄儀；校正；系統誤差

並列摘要

Ground-based LiDAR can easily acquire large amounts of elevation data in a short time that offer high density and accuracy information to create three dimensional models of buildings. Manufacturing announced that the accuracy of ground-based LiDAR can reach level of centimeter, even millimeter. But listed in the specifications of the instrument is usually the accuracy of range, not position. These 3D models are used in a wide variety of applications such as building construction, disaster prevention, architecture, preserving the cultural assets, transmitter placement in telecommunication. We would like to present an appropriate error model that we believe will significantly help in the explanation of scanner errors. We could acquire the cause of errors by this model. Then, we could rectify the systematic errors made by the scanner. In addition, the next section discusses an outdoor field for calibration purposes. The calibration approach used is based on setting up targets in an indoor field. We will deal with two methods-traditional (total station) and LiDAR measurement, which results in the errors and accuracy of LiDAR. The systematic errors of the scanner are rectified via the coordinates transformation of 10 parameters, that includes 3 rotation, 3 translation, 2 angular, and 2 ranging parameters. The result has shown that these 10 parameters are sufficient for rectification.

並列關鍵字

Ground-based LiDAR ； Laser Scanner ； Calibration ； Systematic Error

國際替代計量

地面光達系統誤差分析及校正

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