由自我描述圖徵觀點探討異質性空間資料在網際網路之整合

Exploring the Internet-based Integration of Heterogeneous Geospatial Data from a Self-Descriptive Perspective

洪榮宏(Jung-Hong Hong) ； 黃敏郎(Min-Lang Huang)

《中華防災學刊》 3卷2期 (2011/08) Pp. 159-171

https://doi.org/10.30052/JTDPS.201108.0004

摘要

異質空間資料之整合是空間資訊發展長期受到重視的課題。隨空間網路技術之進步及資料共享議題之日益受到重視，使用者得以更易取得其他單位所生產之資料，尤其對不具經驗之使用者而言，確保可正確應用取得之資料是亟待有所突破的挑戰。由於資料分由不同單位生產，唯有在使用者端建立正確認知及提升判斷知識，才可能有效突破現有之瓶頸。本文由空間資料之特性切入，以開放式地理資訊系統技術之觀點探討可因應不同時間、空間、識別及品質描述需求之「自我描述圖徵」架構，此架構除可與現行之開放空間網路服務標準緊密結合運作外，也可使分散於各地之資料得以透過網際網路連結而順利流通與正確解讀。在未來之空間資料基礎建設環境中，可正確使用他人生產之資料將成為跨領域之共同需求，這樣的需求絕不僅止於取得原始之資料，必須落實由了解資料之供應者提供正確及標準化描述內容，才可能有效改善目前使用者盲目使用其他單位生產資料之窘境。本文為此整合機制提供穩固之發展基礎，也針對資料由上游生產至最終應用之傳統作業程序提供一個重新檢視與省思之觀點，希望可因此達到全面擴展空間資訊技術應用與成效之理想。

關鍵字

自我描述圖徵 ； 資料共享 ； 資料品質

並列摘要

The integration of heterogeneous geospatial data has been a critical issue to the geospatial community. With the progress of geospatial web services and the increasing attention data sharing receives, it becomes much easier for users to acquire data provided by others. How to ensure the correct use of data from heterogeneous resources thus becomes a challenge, especially to those users with less experience. As data is produced by different organizations based on their own demands, we argued only the correct understanding about data and the built-in knowledge for evaluating data at the clients can resolve this issue. Based on the analysis of the properties of geospatial data, we propose a ”self-descriptive” framework that can comprehensively model the spatial, temporal, identification and quality of geospatial data following the OpenGIS concept. In addition to the advantages of seamlessly integrating with the current geospatial web service standards, this framework further enables distributed resources in the internet to be easily shared and correctly interpreted. In the future NSDI environment, the ability to correctly use data provided by others will become a common requirement. This task absolutely does not end after physically acquiring the data. This communication obstacle can only be removed by the correct and standardized descriptive information provided by the data owners. The proposed framework not only provides a solid foundation for developing such a transparent data sharing mechanism, but also offers a new insight towards the traditional data production procedure, so as to be able to continuously expand the future use and impacts of geospatial information technology.

並列關鍵字

Self-describe feature ； data sharing ； geospatial web service