- 期刊
- OpenAccess
建築結構、房屋類型與民眾臨震行為：以2016年高雄美濃地震與2018年花蓮地震強震區為例
The Behavioural Reactions to Earthquake in Various Building Structures and Housing Types: The Case of Strong Seismic Areas During 2016 Kaohsiung Meinong Earthquake and 2018 Hualien Earthquake
摘要
地震發生時所處環境與採取的行為反應將很大程度決定是否受到傷害。本文使用國家災害防救科技中心於2016年高雄美濃及2018年花蓮兩起重大地震後對強震區民眾進行的問卷調查資料進行分析。研究發現符合官方宣導之正確防災行為，即躲在堅固家具的底下或是待在床上並且用枕頭或被子保護頭部的民眾僅有10.49%。當所在地最大震度越大或地震危害度越大的情況下，臨震時民眾越傾向往建築物外跑、想要反應卻來不及動作，或找家人。臺灣西南部房屋類型是透天的民眾臨震時較會找家人，房屋類型是透天及公寓大廈的民眾較不會往外跑。宜蘭花蓮地區建築結構是磚造／加強磚造及鋼構／鋼骨鋼筋混凝土之民眾，臨震時往建築物外跑的機率較高，建築結構是木造者較會表現出正確防災行為。
並列摘要
Whether people are injured was largely determined by the buildings where they live and the reactions that they adopt. The surveys conducted by the National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction after the two major earthquakes in Kaohsiung Meinong in 2016 and Hualien in 2018 were analyzed in this paper. It was found that only 10.49% of the people conformed to the official disaster prevention guide, i.e., drop, cover, and hold on, or protected heads when in bed. The greater the earthquake intensity or the earthquake hazard, the people more likely to run out of the building, be late to react, or reach family members. In southwestern Taiwan, residents of townhouses were more likely to reach family members during earthquakes, while those in apartments or high-rise buildings were less likely to run outside. In Hualien, residents of brick/reinforced brick and steel structures/reinforced concrete were more likely to run outside during earthquakes, while those in wooden structures were more likely to exhibit correct mitigation behaviors.