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捷運站高齡者疏散避難模擬之研究－以桃園捷運站A8站為例
Study on Evacuation Simulation of Elderly People at Metro Stations: A Case Study of A8 Station in Taoyuan Metro
摘要
A8長庚醫院站為桃園捷運線上重要交通樞紐，因毗鄰大型醫院，高齡者乘客相對較多。在人群密集的場所，一旦發生事故，在緊急疏散上將面臨極大考驗。本研究透過實地調查人流速度，結合BuildingEXODUS和SMARTFIRE電腦模擬軟體，以高齡者作為A8站避難弱者代表，透過設定不同比例的高齡乘客，探討在日常一般使用上，是否能符合NFPA 130所規定的疏散時間，研究發現，在現況乘客步行速度的參數下，隨著高齡者比例提高，顯著影響疏散的時間，同時也增加了踩踏與擁擠等風險。因此，研究也發現，分區人流與疏散引導，在A8站的疏散模擬中也證明了能舒緩人潮擁擠及縮短疏散時間的功效。
並列摘要
A8 Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Station serves as a crucial transportation hub on the Taoyuan Metro line, being adjacent to a large hospital, resulting in a relatively high number of elderly passengers. In densely crowded areas, any accidents would pose significant challenges for emergency evacuation. This study combines on-site investigations of pedestrian flow speeds with computer simulation software such as BuildingEXODUS. The focus is on using the elderly population as representatives of vulnerable evacuees at A8 station. By setting different proportions of elderly passengers, the study explores whether evacuation times, as stipulated by NFPA 130, can be met under the weekday operations. The research findings indicate that, under current parameters of pedestrian walking speeds, increasing the proportion of elderly individuals significantly impacts evacuation times and also heightens the risk of stampedes and crowding. Therefore, the study also found that zoning of pedestrian flow and evacuation guidance in the evacuation simulation at A8 station demonstrated the effectiveness of alleviating crowd congestion and reducing evacuation times.