摘要
滑膜軟骨瘤(synovial chondromatosis)是一種良性滑膜疾病，好發於30至60歲之間的男性族群，最常侵犯的位置依序為膝關節、髖關節、肘關節及肩關節等。病人通常是無症狀但也可能出現關節疼痛、腫脹、關節活動受限等非特異性的臨床症狀。滑膜軟骨瘤與色素沉著絨毛結節性滑膜炎、滑膜血管瘤及樹枝狀脂肪瘤的症狀類似，可用X光片、磁振造影和電腦斷層鑑別。手術的適應症為關節活動度降低或關節卡住等。治療可選用關節鏡或傳統手術方式來移除游離體，亦可合併施行滑膜切除術。及早診斷及治療可改善症狀，且避免關節面與關節周邊結構的破壞。少數病人會惡性化且與復發相關，但大部分都是低惡性度軟骨肉瘤(low-grade chondrosarcoma) 。因此在手術後必需密切追蹤病人是否復發或惡化成軟骨肉瘤。
並列摘要
Synovial chondromatosis is a kind of benign synovial disorders and commonly affects the knee joint followed by the hip, elbow, and shoulder of male individuals from 30 to 60 years of age. Patients may be asymptomatic or may present relatively nonspecific symptoms such as pain, swelling, or decreased range of motion. The symptoms of synovial chondromatosis are similar with pigmented villonodular synovitis, synovial hemangioma, and lipoma arborescens. The imaging studies of plain radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography may help us for the differential diagnosis. Surgical indications are decreased range of motion or locking symptoms of the joint. The treatment options include arthroscopic or open removal of loose bodies with or without a synovectomy. Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention can relieve symptoms and prevent further articular and periarticular destruction. Malignant transformation to chondrosarcoma is rare and is associated with recurrence despite initial treatment. Most cases transform into low-grade chondrosarcoma. It is important that patients must be followed up closely for recurrence or malignant transformation after operation.