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誰會落入貧窮？非營利組織之社會救助與貧窮現象分析－以幸福分享中心－高雄市實物銀行【第一區】為例
Who Would Fall in Poverty? The Analysis of Non-Profit Organization's Social Assistance and Poor Situation in Kaohsiung Food Bank
摘要
因我國社會救助的門檻限制，導致近貧人口難以獲得救助，而以實物給付為主的食物銀行則成為補足社會安全網的重要政策。本研究以2016年至2018年幸福分享中心-高雄市實物銀行【第一區】之個案給付資料，透過因素分析法，瞭解給付個案之特性、貧窮因素間之相關性，以及個案貧窮因素的影響程度。研究結果如下：1.性別與年齡的影響不如其他因素（家庭結構、家庭人口、工作人口、福利身分、行業類別）來得大；2.男性個案中的單人戶個案去除後，實證結果發現其具有傾向從事特定行業的現象；3.女性個案部分，則具有「邊緣戶」的新貧特性，這代表高雄市的實物給付政策具有吸納新貧人口之效果；4.總體家戶個案具有扶養比大、傾向從事特定行業、對於福利身分取得的資訊未必充足等特性與問題。本文建議，未來社會救助政策可進一步擴大民間在實物給付上的供給，以彌補傳統社會安全網的不足。
並列摘要
Because of the eligibility restriction of social assistance, the in-kind benefit of food bank become an important policy of social safety net for the near poor household. This article tried to clarify the character of benefit cases, the correlation between different poverty factors, and influence level between cases and poverty factors for the data of Happiness sharing center in Kaohsiung City during 2016 to 2018. The study found: 1. Age and gender had no commonality. In other words, their influence was smaller than other factors (including household structure, household population, employment population; welfare statue, and category of employment). 2. For male cases, the empirical results found there were the tendency to engage special industries except single household. 3. For female cases, there were ＂marginal household＂ tendency. 4. Finally, overall cases showed the tendency of high dependency ratio, engaged in specific industries, and insufficient information about welfare status. We suggest the social assistance policy can expand the in-kind benefit supply from civil society. It will help to fix the insufficient of traditional social safety net.
參考文獻
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