- 期刊
高功能自閉症類疾患與注意力缺失／過動疾患學童繪畫測驗表現差異
Performance Pattern Difference in Drawing between Schoo-age Children with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
摘要
本研究目的在比較高功能自閉症類疾患學童與注意力缺失／過動疾患學童，在繪畫測驗表現的差異。受試者共有42名，高功能自閉症類疾患學童與注意力缺失／過動疾患學童各21名，高功能自閉症類疾患學童的總智商顯著優於注意力缺失／過動疾患學童。使用Koppitz計分系統的班達完形測驗（Bender Gestalt Test, BGT）及畫人測驗（Human Figure Drawing, HFD）做為評估工具。為了讓BGT與HFD可以相互比較，本研究將BGT的計分從出現錯誤得一分，修正為沒有出現錯誤得一分，但是保留Koppitz原來建議的HFD計分方式。研究結果發現兩組受試者圖畫測驗表現型態不一樣，BGT，兩組受試者沒有顯著差異；HFD，高功能自閉症類疾患學童顯著比注意力缺失／過動疾患學童差。此外，BGT的表現與智商存在顯著正相關，但是HFD表現與智商沒有顯著相關。本研究從高功能自閉症類疾患繪畫測驗表現，探究在診斷與心理病理學的意義。
並列摘要
In the current study, performance patterns on drawing tests were compared between school-age children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASDs) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There are 42 participants, including 21 school-age children with HFASDs and 21 school-age children with ADHD. The total IQ score of the HFASDs group was significantly higher than that of the ADHD group. The drawing tests as measuring tools were Bender Gestalt Test (BGT) and Human Figure Drawing (HFD) developed by Koppitz. In order to compare BGT with HFD, the scoring criteria of BGT's coding system changed from making an error to successfully drawing in the current study. In the meanwhile, we retained the coding method of HFD suggested by Koppitz. Results of the current study found that the two groups of participants showed different patterns on drawing tests. In addition, the current results suggest that the HFASDs group performed significantly worse than the ADHD group did on HFD, but there were no significant differences on BGT between the two groups. In addition, the performance of BGT was significantly positive related to IQ, while the performance of HFD was not significantly related to IQ. The current study discusses the implications of diagnosis and psychopathology based on the performance on drawing tests in school-age children with HFASDs.