論「永續發展」概念在國際法上的意涵

The Legal Significance of the "Sustainable Development" Concept in International Law

鄧烈(Lie Deng)

《臺灣海洋法學報》 5卷2期 (2006/12) Pp. 25-46

https://doi.org/10.29881/TLSR.200612.0002

摘要

自1992年裏約熱內盧會議之後，「永續發展」已成爲了多邊環境法律框架的核心概念，但這種核心地位從法律角度看究竟具有何 種意義，並不十分明確。本文認爲，從《國際法院規約》第38條所指示的各項國際法法源入手分析“永續發展”概念，是準確把握其法律意涵的有效途徑。通過分析我們發現，「永續發展」概念能夠通過多邊環境公約或雙邊條約的接納取得一定的規範意義，但就司法判例和學說的現狀看，其距離成爲國際習慣規則還有相當大的差距。總體上看，「永續發展」是統攝性的「環境政治倫理」概念，目前還主要屬於「軟法」的範疇。

關鍵字

多邊環境法律框架 ； 永續發展概念 ； 法源分析 ； 國際法上的地位

並列摘要

Since the 1992 Rio de Janeiro environmental conference, the ”sustainable development” has become a core concept among the multilateral environmental legal framework. However, the legal position is uncertain of this concept. In this article, it is thought of the effective way to derive the exact legal significance of the ”sustainable development” through analysis of various sources of international law that referred to in Article 38, the statute of the ICJ.Through analysis, it is found that on one hand the ”sustainable development” do contain certain normative significance by admission of multilateral or bilateral environmental treaties, on the other hand there is a long way to go before it becomes an international customary rule from the perspective of present legal theory and precedents. On the whole, ”sustainable development” is a general concept of political environment ethic; therefore, until today it yet belongs to the field of ”soft law”.

並列關鍵字

multilateral environmental legal framework ； concept of the"sustainable development" ； analysis of sources of law ； legal position in international law

參考文獻

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