葡萄葉斑病介紹及防治法

Occurrence and Control of Alternaria Leaf Spot Disease of Grape

楊涌祚(Yeong-Zouch Yang) ； E-Sa Wang ； Mo-Chu Cheng

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 14號 (1988/12) Pp. 135-144

https://doi.org/10.29563/ZHWHGX.198812.0002

摘要

葡萄葉斑病由Alternaria alternata所引起，主要危害葉片，自5月中旬開始出現病徵，至8~9月收穫時為發病盛期。發病期間平均溫度為25~30℃，相對濕度在80~91%之間，二期作葡萄種植期間因平均氣溫及相對濕度降低，發病輕微。本病原菌寄主範圍窄，除葡萄外，人工接種70種作物僅在薏苡、絲瓜、莞荽、莧菜、碗豆及桃葉片上產生黃化或壞疽病斑。不同葡萄品種對本病反應有差異。金香種為感病種，巨峰種為中抗品種，而意大利及黑后品種為抗病品種。田間藥劑試驗結果顯示，50%依普同可濕性粉劑（1000倍）、25%克熱淨溶液（800倍）、80%大富丹可濕性粉劑（800倍）及錳乃浦可濕性粉劑（400倍）有防治效果。

並列摘要

”Alternaria” leaf spot disease of grape caused by ”Alternaria alternate” mainly occurred on grape leaves in central Taiwan. The disease began in the middle of May and was most severe in August-September. Relative humidity (80-91%) and temperature (25-30˚C) were favorable for disease occurrence. The disease incidence was low during the second crop of grape because of low temperature and relative humidity. Detached leaves of Job’s tear, vegetable sponge, Coriander, Edible amaranth, pea and peach artifically inoculated with ”Alternaria alternate” showed slight yellowing or necrotic spots, while the other 66 plants tested did not show any symptoms. Grape Golden Muscat variety was susceptible, Kyoho variety was moderately resistant, while Italia and Black Queen varieties were resistant to the disease. Field experiment showed that application of 50% Rovral W.P. (1000x), 24% Befran E.C. (800x), 80% Difolatum W.P. (800x) or 80% Maneb M-22 W.P. (400x) was effective in disease control.