Christ, Grace, Faith and Scripture: The Four Protestant Principles in Historical and Theological Perspective

基督、恩典、信仰與聖經：歷史與神學觀點下的改革宗四原則

福爾克．雷平(Volker Leppin) ； 鄭玉英(Yu-ying Cheng)

《台灣神學論刊》 45期 (2018/12) Pp. 55-79

https://doi.org/10.29756/TJT.201812_(45).0004

摘要

＂Solus christus,＂ ＂sola gratia,＂ ＂sola fide,＂ and ＂sola scriptura＂ are the four fundamental elements of the Protestant Reformation, and they distinguish the Protestant faith from the Roman Catholic faith. However, the differences between the Roman Catholic faith and the Protestant faith cannot be defined in this oversimplified or incomprehensive manner. Luther did not propose these principles all at once but constructed them gradually over time. The concepts in question are not unprecedented; many of the ideas have existed since as early as medieval times. In the process of developing his own theological doctrines, Luther gradually transformed these traditional hereditary elements to create a new theological teaching. Researchers believe that the ideas behind these principles are associated with numerous denominations; they are merely presented differently in each denomination. To use these ＂sola＂ principles for justifying the exclusionof other forms of Christian religions is to misinterpret these principles' purpose of continuously reminding people that their Christian faith and lives are not decided by humans but only by God. The principle of ＂only by God ＂ is the foundation of the other ＂sola＂ principles. This is the message of the gospel, and this is shared by all Christians.

關鍵字

Solus christus ； Sola gratia ； sola fide ； sola scriptura ； ecumenical

並列摘要

「唯獨基督」、「唯獨恩典」、「唯獨信心」、和「唯獨聖經」是宗教改革信仰的四個根本元素，其區分了新教與天主教信仰。以此四原則區別新教與天主教之差異甚至對立，不但過於簡化，也是不充分的作法。路德並不是一次性提出這些原則，而是逐漸建構出來的。這些概念並非完全沒有前例，其中有許多想法在中世紀就早已經存在。路德在發展自己的神學理念過程中，逐漸將傳統所傳下來的元素轉型，結果他建立了一派新的神學。本文認為，這些原則所表達的理念是今天各教派的共同財產，只不過是以不同的方式表現。如果我們將這四個唯獨原則之目的，理解為將其他形式的基督宗教排除在外的話，就是誤解了。這些原則之目的在於一再重新提醒我們，我們的基督信仰和生命不可由人來決定，而只能由上帝決定。這個「唯獨上帝」的原則是其他幾個「唯獨」原則的基礎，這就是福音的信息，而且這是基督徒共有的。

並列關鍵字

唯獨基督 ； 唯獨恩典 ； 唯獨信心 ； 唯獨聖經 ； 教會合一運動