作為南越國考古學起點的龜崗和貓兒崗：發現與方法

Findings and Methods at Guigang and Mao'ergang, Two Important Sites for Early Nanyue Archaelogy

徐堅(Jian Xu)

《歷史人類學學刊》 9卷1期 (2011/04) Pp. 1-23

摘要

該文採用考古學回訪方法，全面梳理了1916年發現的龜崗大墓和1931年發掘的貓兒崗墓葬的清理過程和收穫；通過與20世紀50年代以來廣州秦漢時期墓葬發現的比較，重新釐定了兩座墓葬的位置、形制和物質組合等特徵，推斷了兩墓的年代和墓主人的身份。貓兒崗墓葬應屬東漢時期的普通墓葬，而龜崗大墓可推斷在南越國時期，但是與南越王無關。由於兩墓曾經先後被認定為南越國君主墓葬，本文進而以兩墓為例，討論考古學材料如何用於歷史建構。歷史考古學資料的真正價值不在於證實或者證偽文獻，而應該是獨立於文獻構建歷史的敘述方式。

關鍵字

龜崗 ； 貓兒崗 ； 南越國 ； 歷史考古學

並列摘要

This paper uses the site re- visit approach to review the archaeological study of two critical sites in early Nanyue kingdom archaeology, the Guigang tomb, discovered in 1916, and the brick-chambered Mao'ergang tomb, excavated in 1931. The paper re-assesses the tombs' placement, form, and material assemblage in light of Qin and Han tombs unearthed in Guangzhou since the 1950s, and offers hypotheses on the dating and status of the owners of the tombs. The Mao'ergang tomb should actually be dated to the Eastern Han dynasty period. The Guigang tomb is confirmed as dating from the Nanyue kingdom period, but is not the grave of a member of the high elite of the kingdom. Since both of these tombs were at one time identified as Nanyue graves, it is productive to consider how archaeological findings can contribute to the study of history. Rather than proving or disproving written accounts, the real significance of archaeological evidence lies in constructing a material-oriented historical narrative independent of textual evidence.

並列關鍵字

Guigang ； Mao'ergang ； Nanyue Kingdom ； historical archaeology