The Taoist Influence on Hua-yen Buddhism: A Case of the Sinicization of Buddhism in China

中國華嚴宗的宗教哲學具有非常「中國化」的特性，因為它不僅是印度佛教的延伸，它還以中國獨特的思惟與表達模式加以重新詮釋與論述。華嚴，因此是「漢化」了的佛教。本文檢視此一「漢化過程」的哲學背景。作者認為道家哲學也許是其中最重要的影響關鍵。為了證明此點，文中探討了四項可能受道家影響的華嚴思想，包括：玄、還源、體用與理事等。

關鍵字

華嚴宗；道家；法界；漢化

並列摘要

The religio-philosophical system presented by the Hua-yen Buddhist school of China was characteristically ＂Chinese＂ in the sense that it was not merely extensions of Indian Buddhist ideas but the reinterpretations and restatements of Buddhist thought within distinctively Chinese modes of thought and expression. Hua-yen, in this sense, was a ＂sinicized＂ Buddhism. This paper examines the philosophical background of this ＂sinicization process.＂ The paper argues that the Taoist philosophy was one, possibly the most important, influence on this process. The paper tries to prove this by exploring specifically four major Hua-yen concepts derived from the Taoist tradition: hsuan (mystery), ＂returning to the source,＂ t'i-yung (essence and function), and li-shih (noumenon and phenomenon).