Realization through Hearing in Chan Literature

禪宗語錄公案中耳根圓通及其應用

釋果鏡(Guo-Jing) ； 康傑夫(Jeffrey Kotyk)

《中華佛學學報》 27期 (2014/07) Pp. 129-179

摘要

本文以《楞嚴經》卷六中之觀音菩薩的耳根圓通法門為主要研究對象，嘗試探討中國禪宗公案中，如何用耳根以聲塵為所緣境，達到明心見性。並試圖深入了解五家七宗之祖師，如何應用運籌耳根圓通法門，促使學禪者開悟見性。禪宗語錄很少提供修行的詳細指導或是漸修的步驟，大多是頓悟的記錄。本文的假設是開悟是基於多年的修行，特別是禪宗的疑情法門及滋潤；當一位行者處於言語道斷、思維息止的疑團狀態，音聲即可成為一種機緣來打破這統一的狀態，使行者頓然領悟無我的空性。比較《楞嚴經》的耳根圓通法門與禪宗公案中由聽覺而開悟的記載，可使我們更加瞭解禪修實踐的步驟和耳根圓通法門對宋朝之後禪宗的持續影響。

關鍵字

禪宗 ； 禪 ； 《楞嚴經》 ； 耳根圓通 ； 五家七宗 ； 聖嚴法師

並列摘要

This article is primarily concerned with investigating the similarities between Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva's (Guanyin Pusa 觀音菩薩) method (famen 法門) of ＂perfect or all-pervading realization (yuan tong 圓通) based on the auditory faculty＂ (er gen 耳根; Skt. srotra-indriya), as expounded in scroll six of the Suramgama Sutra (Lengyan Jing 楞嚴經), and cases of awakening experiences recorded in the gong'an 公案 literature from the Chinese Chan School 禪宗 that involve sound and hearing. Specifically, it examines how, in the Suramgama Sutra, the auditory sense-object (sheng chen 聲塵; Skt. srotra -viSaya) is actualized as a perceptual support (suoyuan jing 所緣境; Skt. alambana) for attaining realization, and how that realization correlates to the Chan notion of ＂illumining the mind and seeing one's nature＂ (ming xin jian xing 明心見性). Examples are provided in which Chan masters of the various lineages explicitly implement this method from the Suramgama Sutra to cause Chan adepts to realize awakening (kai wu 開悟) and see their nature. Chan literature seldom provides concrete instructions for practice, or outlines a graduated course of cultivation (jianxiu 漸修)-most often, it only records claims of sudden awakening (dunwu 頓悟). It is, nonetheless, my contention that awakening is concretely grounded in years of cultivation. What is unique in the Chan school is the particular generation of the doubt sensation. When a practitioner is absorbed in this state, in which the conceptual and thinking mind is brought to a halt, sound is used to shatter this unified state so that the practitioner suddenly realizes the nature of emptiness or selflessness. Comparing the method of ＂perfect realization based on the auditory faculty＂ with those Chan cases of awakening that involve hearing, we can appreciate the practical dimensions of Chan practice and the continuous impact that the Suramgama Sutra has had on the development of Chan in the post-Song period.

並列關鍵字

Chan school ； Chan ； Surajmgama Sutra ； perfect realization based on the auditory faculty ； Five Houses and Seven Schools ； Venerable Sheng Yen

參考文獻

Taishō shinshū daizōkyō 大正大藏經: T

Wan xuzang jing ‎卍續大藏經: X

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