法國博物館的戲劇詮釋發展：以七個博物館為例

Theater Interpretation in French Museums: Development and Examples

陳慧玲(Hui-Ling Chen)

《博物館學季刊》 23卷2期 (2009/04) Pp. 73-95+97

https://doi.org/10.6686/MuseQ.200904_23(2).0005

摘要

自19世紀戲劇元素被應用在早期西方博物館的展示和導覽解說之後，就成為博物館與大衆溝通的重要媒介。過去20年來，歐美博物館以戲劇詮釋強化溝通效果相當盛行。反觀國內，除透過國外的展示設計公司引進立體造景的生態展示之外，以戲劇詮釋手法開發的教育活動並不多見。為增進國人在這方面的瞭解，本文先從文獻研究探討博物館與戲劇的關係，試圖從中揭露戲劇元素在博物館展示、導覽解說與演示活動之應用，以及戲劇詮釋作為博物館與觀衆溝通的橋樑之效能；續以法國7所博物館為例，介紹當代博物館運用戲劇詮釋的可能方式，期使讀者瞭解如何透過戲劇詮釋將解說的重心從「物件」聯結至觀眾的生活經驗。戲劇詮釋的特色在於透過「創意」手法開發觀衆個人化的參觀經驗，有機會接觸戲劇詮釋解說的觀衆，對展品和展示主題將有更深刻的認識和體會。因此，戲劇詮釋有助於博物館提昇展示設計及教育成效，是值得嘗試的策略。

關鍵字

戲劇詮釋 ； 博物館教育 ； 法國博物館

並列摘要

Since the 19th century, in the Western world, elements of theater have become important media of communication between the public and museums, after being successfully employed in exhibitions and guided tours. For the past two decades, the use of theater interpretation to reinforce the educational function has become very popular among museums in North America and Europe. In contrast, there is a lack of this kind of interpretation among museum activities in Taiwan, except in some diorama installations in ecological exhibitions designed by foreign companies. This study attempts to analyze the relationship between museums and theater, to determine the factors that can be applied to exhibitions, guided tours and demonstrations. It also discusses the function of theater interpretation in the building of a communicative bridge between the museum and its visitors. Another purpose of this study is to introduce case studies of seven contemporary French museums that make use of theater interpretation in their operations. It is hoped that the results of this study will encourage museum professionals in Taiwan to seek ways to apply theater interpretation to link objects with visitors' life experiences. One of the characteristics of theater interpretation is the use of creativity to form these links, which help visitors to obtain a more profound understanding of objects in the content of exhibitions.

並列關鍵字

theater interpretation ； diorama ； museum

參考文獻

Barbier-Bouvet, J.(1989).Le Système de l'Exposition dans Histoires d'Expo.Centre Georges Pompidou.

Barbier-Bouvet, J.(1989).Le Système de l'Exposition dans Histoires d'Expo.Centre Georges Pompidou.

Bilan(2005).Le Public des Mediations Culturelles, avril. Inédite.Museum de Lyon.

Bilan(2005).Le Public des Mediations Culturelles, avril. Inédite.Museum de Lyon.

Bridal, T.(2004).Exploring Museum Theatre.Alta Mira Press.