神聖化的差序格局－歐洲華人基督教傳播的內生文化邏輯

Sacralizing the Differential Mode of Association: The Indigenous Cultural Logic of Diasporic Chinese Christian Development in Europe

曹南來(CAO Nanlai)

《道風：基督教文化評論》 59期 (2023/07) Pp. 207-248

摘要

雖然非西方形式的基督教已經引起了全球基督教學者的關注，但中西方二元對立的傳統思維模式在很大程度上將中國基督教研究限制在民族國家背景下。針對中國本土基督教的跨國傳播與離散性的研究仍顯不足。本文利用人類學民族志素材，以歐洲華人移民基督教為主要案例，探討當前中國基督教海外傳播的條件、方式與邏輯，彰顯中外民間商業交流和傳統「差序格局」浸潤下家國意識與地方性身份認同以及道德話語建設的重要性。不同於以往基於西方宗教本位的解讀，本文力圖揭示本土內生文化層面上促使一個中國地方基督教傳播的因素，並反思全球化背景下華人基督教的多元地方性與多重本土化路徑。

關鍵字

海外華人 ； 歐洲 ； 基督教傳播 ； 差序格局

並列摘要

While non-western Christianities have gained attention from scholars in global Christian studies, the conventional China/West binary has confined Chinese Christian studies within the nation-state context. The transnational and diasporic dynamics of indigenous Chinese Christianity remains under-researched. Since China's economic reform and opening-up, Christian groups from Mainland China have started to play an active role in expanding the diasporic religious space, religious structure, and religious networks overseas, especially in the western world. Drawing on extended anthropological fieldwork among Chinese Christians in Europe, this article discusses the condition, manifestations, and logic of this diasporic Chinese Christian development; highlighting the cultural and moral forces of diasporic Chinese Christianity, and the overlooked role of religion in China's grassroots commercial engagement with the world. Unlike the usual approach in western-centric religious studies, this study highlights the indigenous cultural logic of Chinese Christian expansion, especially the differential mode of association as reflected in the reliance on the state, native-place belonging, and the formation of a moral discourse.

並列關鍵字

Chinese Diaspora ； Europe ； Christian Globalization ； Differential Mode of Association