〈警世〉一詩的版本、來源、文脈與內丹密義

〈警世〉堪稱最受文學界歡迎的道教詩之一，曾為崇禎本《金瓶梅》、《容與堂本水滸傳》和《西游補》等明代小説所引用，然而學術界對於該詩的作者和成文年代仍無定論，對於它匿藏於晦澀且鮮為人知的內丹隱語裏的本旨，更是缺乏具體認識。因此，本文先著眼於目前所知〈警世〉詩最早的版本──王元暉《太上老君說常清靜經註》記載之內容──從而思考該詩出自宋代女詩人兼道士曹文逸之手的可能。接著，本文試圖進一步逐字逐句地解析〈警世〉的內丹密語，加以證實在其淺層的色情雙關語之下，實潛藏著深刻的丹道修煉口訣。

關鍵字

〈警世〉；內丹；曹文逸；呂洞賓；二八佳人；道教文學

並列摘要

The poem ＂A Warning to the Worldly＂ (＂Jing Shi＂), which appears in the Chongwen-era Jin Ping Mei, the Rongyu Hall Edition of the Water Margin (Rongyutang Ben Shuihu Zhuan), Supplement to the Journey of the West (Xiyou Bu), and other Ming dynasty writings, is arguably one of Daoism's most widely enjoyed poems. Despite its popularity, this poem's authorship and date of first publication remain unclear, and moreover its fundamental meaning remains shrouded behind the obscure, coded, and little-understood language of Daoist internal alchemy. In order to trace this poem's origins, this paper focuses on its earliest extant version, which is contained in Wang Yuanhui's Annotated Classic of Eternal Clarity and Tranquility Spoken by Taishang Laojun (Taishang Laojun Shuo Chang Qingjing Jing Zhu) and introduces the possibility of the poem having been authored by the Song dynasty poet and Daoist priestess Cao Wenyi (1040-1115). Subsequently, this paper embarks upon a character-by-character exegesis of the internal alchemy instructions hidden in ＂A Warning to the Worldly,＂ demonstrating that its author employed triple entendres to hide an alchemical formula behind the poem's sexual wordplay.