In our country, there are many historical buildings made of low strength cement mortar and lime. Masonry structure is a kind of structure with a long history of use in our country. Most of the masonry materials of masonry structure are brittle materials, such as tensile, shear and bending resistance, and the seismic capacity and toughness of the buildings are poor. Through the research and analysis of the relevant research literature, this paper summarizes how to strengthen the masonry structure, and puts forward the idea and rough test steps of using ultra-high performance concrete instead of cement mortar to strengthen masonry.