佛陀紀念館「佛陀行化本事圖」圖像探析

An Iconographical Exploration of the Bas-Relieves Picture of ＂Stories of the Buddha's Life＂ at Buddha Museum

釋永東(Shih, Yung-Dong)

《佛光人文學報》 4期 (2021/01) Pp. 147+149-197

摘要

為恭奉佛牙真身舍利於2011年興建的佛陀紀念館，其核心價值包含藝術、文化、教育及淨化人心等功能。本文主要以佛館22幅「佛陀行化本事圖」為研究對象，採用田野調查與文獻觀察，從外觀來瞭解這些浮雕圖像的內涵，與其具有的時代意義與價值；挖掘佛教藝術品對生命教育的啟發與對佛光山人間佛教的弘法功能。研究發現「佛陀行化本事圖」，佛陀接引的對像以人類為主，浮雕占一半畫面的佛陀與得度者之間有聖凡關係，圖像人物透過極為細膩精緻的線條以成形，並傳神地散放出佛陀救護眾生的慈悲平等像，與信眾恭謹虔誠、渴盼得救的感情。「佛陀行化本事圖」具有「終極課題的探索與實踐」、「倫理反思與生活美學」與「人格統整與靈性提升」生命教育蘊義。並高度符應佛光山弘揚人間佛教的「以文化弘揚佛法、以教育培養人才、以慈善福利社會、以共修淨化人心」四大宗旨，以及與時俱進的時代教育價值。

關鍵字

佛陀紀念館 ； 佛陀行化本事圖 ； 圖像 ； 佛教藝術 ； 人間佛教

並列摘要

The Buddha Museum was built in 2011 to house true tooth relics of the Buddha, its core values include: art, culture and education - all harbored in mind-purifying multi-functional exhibition halls. The main subject of this essay is the 22 relief fresco ＂Stories of the Buddha's Life＂. The methodology of this research was to conduct field investigation and literature review to understand the connotation, significance and value to the present era, as well as to figure out the life education of Buddhist art and the function of promoting Humanistic Buddhism. The research findings of the relief fresco ＂Stories of the Buddha's Life＂ are as follows: the main object liberated by the Buddha is human beings, there is a sage relationship between them. The exquisite lines in drawing of the pictures release the compassion of the Buddha and equality of liberating the sentient beings., as well as respect and piety of the sentient being. The relief fresco ＂Stories of the Buddha's Life＂ embody the advancement of life education: a profound outlook on life, religion and life and death, ultimate care, life and death care and hospice care, their meaning and practice; to do moral thinking, to explore the intrinsic quality of ethics, and learn the spirit of ＂adopting a fair attitude but not necessarily a neutral position＂, thereby to reflect on the major ethical issues of life and to cultivate an aesthetical life that is both beautiful and good; to internalize ones outlook on life and ethical values, so as to integrate their informed intentions with their body and mind, resulting in upgrading the state of their life. It also highly corresponds to the Four Objectives of FoGuangShan Humanistic Buddhism: To propagate the Dharma through culture, to foster talents through education, to benefit society through philanthropic activities, and to purify human minds through spiritual cultivation. The value of education keeps up with the times in addition.

並列關鍵字

Buddha Museum ； Relief frescos ； Buddhist art ； the Four Major Objectives ； Picture ； Humanistic Buddhism ； Life Education