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道教醫學的瘟疫預測、治療與人文關懷-以《黃帝內經》五運六氣學說為例

The Plague Prediction, Treatment and Humanistic Care in Taoist Medicine

摘要


基於道教本身的宗教特質與其對天地宇宙與生命的認識,道教在傳統天人合一的思想體系下,有其具有特色的生命觀與身體觀,所以對於疫病的認識與治療方法,亦具其天人合一思想的神學詮釋宗教色彩與人文關懷。本文即以道教天人合一、天人感應、天人同構的宇宙生命觀為核心,以《黃帝內經》為文本,探討五運六氣疾病預測的理論基礎與方法,梳理出其中疫病預測的內容,以及瘟疫治療方法中的道教文化內涵,最後論述其中的人文關懷內涵。道教是最重視生命存有的宗教,對於瘟疫的預測預防與治療,有其鮮明的宗教色彩與特色,雖然天人合一、天人感應、天人同構的思想並非道教所獨有,但道教將這些思想落實在生命實踐中,不僅只是當作宇宙觀與生命哲學的理解,而是發展出解決生命問題的應用方法。面對全球性的疾病感染風暴,人人向外求藥而未能得的現狀,道教的瘟疫治療強調的是取用人體內的真藥,也就是神氣相守,形神相守,調整體內的氣,順應外在的氣,找回內在的和諧,重視社會的和諧,注意與自然的和諧,正氣內存,不受外界干擾,風暴將會過去,平和的日子會再來臨。如此穩健的生命智慧,仍值得現代人參考取用。

並列摘要


Based on the religious characteristics of Taoism itself and its understanding of the universe and life, Taoism has its own unique view of life and body under the traditional ideological system of the unity of nature and man. Therefore, the understanding and treatment of epidemic diseases are also unique. The theological interpretation of the idea of the unity of nature and man is religious and humanistic care. This article is based on the Taoist view of life in the universe, which is the unity of nature and man, the interaction between nature and man, and the isomorphism of nature and man as the core. With the text of Nei Jing, it explores the theoretical basis and methods of disease prediction in the Wu yun liu qi, and sorts out the predictions of epidemics. The content and the Taoist cultural connotation in the plague treatment method, and finally the humanistic care connotation in it.

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