對於台灣當前幾個通識問題的哲學理解：“知識”與“權力”：一個哲學治療學的觀點

A Philosophical Understanding on the Problems of General Knowledge in Taiwan at the Present: Knowledge and Power: A Philosophical-therapy Perspective

林安梧(An-Wu Lin)

《通識教育季刊》 6卷2期 (1999/06) Pp. 85-107

https://doi.org/10.6745/JGE.199906_6(2).0005

摘要

本文旨在對於「知識」與「權力」所涉的深層問題，展開通識的哲學理解，並展開一文化治療。
首先作者對於台灣當前知識現象做一總的省察。作者借由民間宗教的語彙，對台灣知識界的「嬰靈」現象，展開釐清與批判的工作。再者，作者對於台灣的人文現象展開批判，指出語言的通貨膨脹與治療之可能，進而申論「理論」與「生活世界」的互動關連。
再者，作者針對當前大學教育的通病，強調大學應是一通才教育；並進一步，對於「知識」、「常識」與「通識」的構造做出區分，並彰顯其連結的關係。作者更而檢討了「教育消費化」的問題，並提出「主體際性」與「公共論域」在教育上的重要。
進一步，作者對於當前兩性問題及其所涉諸文化問題，提出反省，作者以為他展開的是對於人類性別的柔性顛覆，而這正是一個「女性主義」式的反省。作者以為這與其多年來強調的「存有的三態觀」與「哲學治療學」有著密切的關係。

關鍵字

知識 ； 權力 ； 通識 ； 生活世界 ； 理論 ； 主體際性 ； 女性主義 ； 哲學治療學

並列摘要

This article intends to understand some fundamental problems concerning power and knowledge knowledge in the context of general knowledge through a philosophical understanding and interpretation and hope to apply cultural therapy to those problems.
First, the author makes a total reflection and observation on the phenomena of Taiwanese intellectual society. The author borrows a terminology from Taiwanese folk religion ”the haunting spirits of aborted enfants” to describe the phenomena of Taiwanese intellectual society and hope to clarify and criticize the abnormal ‘phenomena. Then, the author criticizes the cultural phenomena of Taiwan and points out the ”inflation” of language and the possibility of therapy-application to it. Furthermore, the author discusses the inter-relationship between ”theory” and ”the living world”.
Secondly, the author indicates the short-comings of university education in Taiwan. He emphasizes the university education should be a general education. He makes distinctions between ”Knowledge”, ”common knowledge” and ”general knowledge” and denotes the inter-relationships between the three of them. The author goes on to examine and criticize common attitude ”education as consumption” in Taiwan and he discusses the important of ”inter-subjectivity” and ”public sphere” in education.
Furthermore, the author reflects on the problem of both genders and its relevant cultural issues. The author applies a gentle and gradual overturn on human genders and it's an introspection based on ”Feminism”. It's closely related with the theories of ”the three stages of existence” and ”philosophical therapy” that the author advocates all these years.

並列關鍵字

knowledge ； power ； general knowledge ； the living world ； theory ； inter-subjectivity ； feminism ； philosophical therapy