醫院護理人員之工作特性、成就動機對工作投入、工作滿足、與留職意願之影響

A Survey of the Relationship among Job Characteristics, Achievement Motivation, Job Involvement, Job Satisfaction, and Retention of the Hospital Nurses

潘依琳(I-Lin Pan) ； 張媚(Chang-Mei Yeh)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 17卷1期 (1998/02) Pp. 48-58

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1998-17-01-06

摘要

本研究是探討醫院基層護理人員之工作特性、成就動機與工作投入、工作滿足、留職意願之關係。研究對象是以等距抽樣法從三家教學醫院中抽選出162位的臨床基層護理人員，問卷回收率為82%。資料的收集是採用結構式問卷，並用描述性分析、變異數分析、薛費氏事後比較、皮爾森積差相關、及逐步迥歸來進行資料的分析。研究結果發現：從事符合自己工作興趣的工作，工作特性中較高之工作自主性、工作完整性、工作回饋性、與他人回饋性，直屬上司有效的工作指導，以及明確的工作結構，皆可促進醫院護理人員的工作投入，提高工作滿足感，以及降低離職率。而具有高成就動機的護理人員，其工作投入與工作滿足感皆較高。此外，輪上夜班的頻率與在職教育的機會，會影響工作滿足與留職意願，其中以不用上夜班者、及在職教育機會很多者的滿足感與留職意願最高。而工作時間的固定性，亦會影響醫院護理人員的工作滿足感，以工作時間固定者的滿足感最高。因此，研究者根據以上研究結果，提出護理實務上的建議。

關鍵字

工作特性 ； 成就動機 ； 工作投入 ； 工作滿足 ； 留職意願

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to understand the relationship among job characteristics, achievement motivation, job involvement, job satisfaction, and retention of the hospital nurses. The subjects were 162 nurses who worked in the three teaching hospitals. Structural questionnaires were used to collect data and the response rate of questionnaires was 82%. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's posteriori comparison, Pearson's pro-ductmoment correlation, and Stepwise multiple regression were utilized in data analysis. The results indicated that: match subjects' work interest, high job autonomy, high task identity, high feedback from the job itself and others, good leadership and clear work structure can improve the hospital nurses' job involvement, job satisfaction, and retention. The nurses who have higher achievement motivation can elevate the subjects' job involvement and job satisfaction. The frequency of night duty and the opportunity of in-service education were significantly associated with job satisfaction and retention. Moreover, the fixation of work time has significant effects on the subjects' job satisfaction, the workers who have fixed work time have higher job satisfaction than the others. To sum up the results, this study provides some suggestions about nursing administration.

並列關鍵字

job characteristics ； achievement motivation ； job involvement ； job satisfaction ； retention