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兒童功能行爲評量建構與台灣兒童之初步應用報告

The Pediatric Functional Performance Scales: Establishment and Preliminary Report on Taiwanese Children

摘要


兒童功能行為評估乃有系統的描述與測量孩童在執行日常生活活動的能力及限制,國外已有相當的研究成果,但國內尚未起步,本研究的目的為發展此功能行為評估工具的初期試驗性研究,分為兩次預試,探討此測驗的內容效度。 研究以電話訪問或面談方式向家長或老師詢問孩童的日常生活自理能力,第一次預試共有49位2至12歲的兒童接受評量;經修訂測驗後進行第二次預試,有203位2至8歲的兒童接受評估。 根據第一次預試的結果,測驗題目由14項增為17項,並修訂部分題目內容。第二次預試結果,各項目實際達成年齡與預期年齡的差距,17項中有9項實際達成年齡與預期年齡一致。以單因數變異數分析看各項目在各年齡層間的差異,結果除了3項在各年齡間無顯著差異外,其他各項均有顯著差異,而且其中一項因已在2歲即達成發展,因此結果是在預期之中;此外並以薛費(Scheffe)事後分析來看各項目在年齡層間所形成同質次團體的分佈情形,以暸解兒童在各項目的發展趨勢,結果大多數的項目均符合預期的發展趨勢,部分項目的結果則可做為未來修訂題目的參考。 本研究只是進行此份功能行為量表的初步探討,雖然結果顯示仍有一些項目需要修正,並需要進一步進行各種信度、效度的探討及常模的建立,然而仍足以作為台灣兒童功能行為評估的參考。

並列摘要


This study planed to develop a functional performance measure in order to systematically describe and evaluate the ability and limitation of Taiwanese children in their daily life activities. This study includes two pilot studies investigating content validity of this newly developed test: The Pediatric Functional Performance Scales (PFP Scales). Parents of 49 children aged 2-12 years were interviewed face to face or through telephone in the first study. After revised, the test was administered to another 203 children aged 2-8 years. According to the result of the first pilot study, total items of the PFP Scales were increased from 14 to 17. The result of the second study demonstrated that there were 9 out of 17 items met the expected age of development. ANOVA was used to examine age differences for each item, and Scheffe pot hoc to examine the distribution of homogeneous groups. Results were shown that most of the items met the expected developmental trends. However, some items need to be modified for further use.

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