巴士車內噪音源與傳播路徑之評估

Evaluation of Bus Interior Sound Source and Propagation Path

王栢村(Bor-Tsuen Wang) ； 林鴻裕(Hong-Yuh Lin) ； 李俊賢(Chun-Hsien Lee) ； 陳新正(Syin-Jeng Chen)

《中華民國振動與噪音工程學會論文集》 2007 (2007/06) Pp. 51-59

https://doi.org/10.30028/CSSVANNUAL.200706.0051

摘要

巴士車內振動與噪音影響乘客之舒適性為重要研究課題，本文為瞭解巴士車廂內振動與噪音傳遞之現象，並探討主要噪音之來源，建立(1)接受者測試、(2)噪音源測試、以及(3)噪音路徑測試等三種實驗規劃。測試之巴士狀態分為行進、車輛靜止狀態兩種測試，檢測各種不同行駛狀況下之車內噪音。振動源及噪音源測試在比較相同引擎轉速下，車輛在不同檔位（亦即變速箱）及不同行駛狀況（亦即路面）下，探討車內噪音與振動之影響。噪音路徑測試著重探討車內噪音與各部位振動噪音之頻譜關聯性。結果顯示，變速箱傳動系統在相同引擎轉速下，入檔對車後段噪音是有影響的，另外，車內主要振動與噪音量是隨著引擎轉速升高而增加，引擎高轉速所引發之激振為車內振動與噪音之主要來源。本文建立巴士車廂內各部位之振動與噪音傳輸路徑實驗規劃，可瞭解其傳遞效果之差異，有助於現況評估以及作為未來振動與噪音改善之參考依據。

關鍵字

巴士 ； 振動 ； 噪音 ； 路徑 ； 八音頻帶 ； 線性頻譜

並列摘要

Bus interior noise and vibration affecting the passenger comfort is an important issue. This paper presents the experimental approach to discuss the noise source as well as the propagation path to bus interior noise and vibration. This work establishes three types of tests: (1) Receiver test, (2) noise source test, and (3) noise path test. The test bus conditions include both in-running and in-statics. For in-running conditions, the bus in constant speed, up-hill, down-hill, accelerating and deaccelerating states is tested, respectively. When the bus is in-statics, the normal static condition is tested as well as the rear wheelset with gear-power being raised up. The measurement experiments are planned to study the effect of transmission lines and road excitation on bus interior noise and vibration. The sound and vibration spectra are also studied to correlate their relation. Results show that the transmission line affects the bus interior noise increasingly at the same engine speed. The bus interior noise and vibration generally increase with engine speeds significantly. The noise reduction strategy is also studied and shows that the mid-frequency (315-1000Hz) noise is the major concern. This paper establishes the noise and vibration measurement layout to study the bus interior noise and vibration and carries out the experiments that can be used to evaluate and improve the bus interior noise and vibration problems.

並列關鍵字

bus ； vibration ； noise ； path ； octave band ； linear spectrum